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Communication

Changes in Soil Chemical Properties Due to Long-Term Compost Fertilization Regulate Methane Turnover Related Gene Abundances in Rice Paddy

by
Chungwoo Kim
1,2,†,
Denver I. Walitang
1,3,†,
Aritra Roy Choudhury
1,4,
Yi Lee
5,
Sanghun Lee
6,
Hyenchung Chun
6,
Tae-Young Heo
7,
Kido Park
6 and
Tongmin Sa
1,8,*
1
Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
2
Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Cheongju 28130, Korea
3
College of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Romblon State University, Romblon 5505, Philippines
4
Bio-Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Korea
5
Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
6
Rural Development Administration, Miryang 50424, Korea
7
Department of Information and Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
8
The Korean Academy of Science and Technology, Seongnam 13630, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors have contributed equally to this work.
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(5), 2652; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052652
Submission received: 27 November 2021 / Revised: 27 February 2022 / Accepted: 2 March 2022 / Published: 4 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering)
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Abstract

Maintaining rice yield, soil function, and fertility are essential components of long-term compost fertilization. However, paddy fields are major sources of anthropogenic methane emissions. The aim of the study is to evaluate the changes in soil chemical properties and their concurrent impact on the abundance of methanogenesis (mcrA) and methane oxidation (pmoA) related genes among compost (Com), NPK+Compost (NPKCom), and unfertilized (NF) fallow paddy fields under long-term compost fertilization. Results showed that compost and NPK+Compost fertilization altered the soil chemical properties of paddy fields with a significant increase in the functional gene abundance potentially associated with Methanobacteriaceae for mcrA (1.23 × 106 to 3.84 × 106 copy number g−1 dry soil) and methane oxidizing bacteria such as Methylomonas and Methylobacter for pmoA (1.65 × 106 to 4.3 × 106 copy number g−1 dry soil). Ordination plots visualized these changes, where treatments clustered distinctly indicating that Com and NPKCom treatments were characterized by paddy soils with elevated OM, TN, K and P content and higher abundances of methanogenesis and methane oxidation related genes. The study showed that long-term compost fertilization resulted in paddy fields with high nutrient content and high gene abundance, attributed to methanogens and methane oxidizing bacteria that responded well with compost fertilization. These results indicated the potential of these fallow paddy fields for methane emission and methane oxidation and that they are ‘primed’, potentially influencing subsequent paddy field responses to long-term compost application.
Keywords: long-term compost fertilization; soil chemical properties; functional gene abundance; paddy soils; rice fallow period; methane emission; methanogenesis; methane oxidation; mcrA; pmoA long-term compost fertilization; soil chemical properties; functional gene abundance; paddy soils; rice fallow period; methane emission; methanogenesis; methane oxidation; mcrA; pmoA

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kim, C.; Walitang, D.I.; Roy Choudhury, A.; Lee, Y.; Lee, S.; Chun, H.; Heo, T.-Y.; Park, K.; Sa, T. Changes in Soil Chemical Properties Due to Long-Term Compost Fertilization Regulate Methane Turnover Related Gene Abundances in Rice Paddy. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 2652. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052652

AMA Style

Kim C, Walitang DI, Roy Choudhury A, Lee Y, Lee S, Chun H, Heo T-Y, Park K, Sa T. Changes in Soil Chemical Properties Due to Long-Term Compost Fertilization Regulate Methane Turnover Related Gene Abundances in Rice Paddy. Applied Sciences. 2022; 12(5):2652. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052652

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kim, Chungwoo, Denver I. Walitang, Aritra Roy Choudhury, Yi Lee, Sanghun Lee, Hyenchung Chun, Tae-Young Heo, Kido Park, and Tongmin Sa. 2022. "Changes in Soil Chemical Properties Due to Long-Term Compost Fertilization Regulate Methane Turnover Related Gene Abundances in Rice Paddy" Applied Sciences 12, no. 5: 2652. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052652

APA Style

Kim, C., Walitang, D. I., Roy Choudhury, A., Lee, Y., Lee, S., Chun, H., Heo, T.-Y., Park, K., & Sa, T. (2022). Changes in Soil Chemical Properties Due to Long-Term Compost Fertilization Regulate Methane Turnover Related Gene Abundances in Rice Paddy. Applied Sciences, 12(5), 2652. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052652

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