Divergence of High-Order Harmonic Generation by a Convex Plasma Surface

Yang, Chun; Zhou, Chuliang; Zheng, Yinghui; Zhang, Dongdong; Gao, Jixing; Bai, Yafeng; Qi, Rong; Qian, Jiayi; Gui, Jiayan; Zhang, Zongxin; Tian, Ye; Zeng, Zhinan

doi:10.3390/app12115745

Open AccessArticle

Divergence of High-Order Harmonic Generation by a Convex Plasma Surface

by

Chun Yang

^1,2,†

,

Chuliang Zhou

^1,*,†

,

Yinghui Zheng

¹,

Dongdong Zhang

^1,2

,

Jixing Gao

^1,2,

Yafeng Bai

¹,

Rong Qi

¹,

Jiayi Qian

¹,

Jiayan Gui

¹,

Zongxin Zhang

¹,

Ye Tian

^1,*

and

Zhinan Zeng

^1,*

¹

State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China

²

Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(11), 5745; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115745

Submission received: 12 May 2022 / Revised: 4 June 2022 / Accepted: 5 June 2022 / Published: 6 June 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress on Laser Plasma Interaction)

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Abstract

The electron density profile on a plasma surface has a decisive influence on the mechanism and characteristics of the plasma high-order harmonic generation. When the pre-pulse has a similar spatial and temporal distribution as the main laser pulse, the plasma surface on the target will expand to form a convex profile of the similar size as the focal spot of the main pulse. We experimentally observed that the divergence of the harmonics generated by the relativistic laser light incident on a silica target has a saddle-shaped structure. The two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation with convex plasma surfaces explains the experimental results very well and infers a 0.12

λ_{L}

plasma scale length around the center of the convex profile. Further, we qualitatively explained that the asymmetry of the saddle-shaped harmonic divergence is caused by oblique incidence.

Keywords: laser-plasma interaction; high-intensity laser; strong field physics; high-order harmonic generation; plasma surface

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, C.; Zhou, C.; Zheng, Y.; Zhang, D.; Gao, J.; Bai, Y.; Qi, R.; Qian, J.; Gui, J.; Zhang, Z.; et al. Divergence of High-Order Harmonic Generation by a Convex Plasma Surface. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 5745. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115745

AMA Style

Yang C, Zhou C, Zheng Y, Zhang D, Gao J, Bai Y, Qi R, Qian J, Gui J, Zhang Z, et al. Divergence of High-Order Harmonic Generation by a Convex Plasma Surface. Applied Sciences. 2022; 12(11):5745. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115745

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Chun, Chuliang Zhou, Yinghui Zheng, Dongdong Zhang, Jixing Gao, Yafeng Bai, Rong Qi, Jiayi Qian, Jiayan Gui, Zongxin Zhang, and et al. 2022. "Divergence of High-Order Harmonic Generation by a Convex Plasma Surface" Applied Sciences 12, no. 11: 5745. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115745

APA Style

Yang, C., Zhou, C., Zheng, Y., Zhang, D., Gao, J., Bai, Y., Qi, R., Qian, J., Gui, J., Zhang, Z., Tian, Y., & Zeng, Z. (2022). Divergence of High-Order Harmonic Generation by a Convex Plasma Surface. Applied Sciences, 12(11), 5745. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115745

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Divergence of High-Order Harmonic Generation by a Convex Plasma Surface

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