Asthma Control during COVID-19 Lockdown in Patients with Severe Asthma under Biological Drug Treatment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Protocol
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patients
3.2. Clinical and Functional Results
3.3. Biological Drug Administration
3.4. Adherence and Side Effects
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pre-Pandemic (Median ± SD) | Pandemic (Median ± SD) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Omalizumab | |||
Spirometry | 0 ± 0.5 | 0 ± 0.6 | 0.99 |
FEV1 | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 2 ± 0.6 | 0.94 |
ACT | 21 ± 2.8 | 25 ±4.7 | 0.27 |
Blood tests | 0 ± 0.3 | 0 ± 2.4 | 0.16 |
Clinical examination | 6 ± 4.6 | 0 ± 3.1 | 0.006 |
Exacerbations | 0 ± 0.7 | 0 ± 1.9 | 0.18 |
Biologic administration | |||
At hospital | 9 ± 2.9 | 1 ± 4.5 | <0.0001 |
At medical office | 0 ± 0.8 | 1 ± 4 | 0.007 |
At home | 0 ± 0.2 | 0 ± 4.1 | 0.04 |
Mepolizumab | |||
Spirometry | 1 ± 0 | 0 ± 0.5 | 0.25 |
FEV1 | 1.5 ± 0 | 1.5 ± 0 | not available |
ACT | 20 ± 0.5 | 24 ± 0.5 | 0.006 |
Blood tests | 0 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 1 | 0.5 |
Clinical examination | 6 ± 2.2 | 0 ± 0.5 | 0.02 |
Exacerbations | 0.5 ± 0.6 | 0 ± 0 | 0.18 |
Biologic administration | |||
At hospital | 6 ± 0 | 2 ± 2.6 | 0.08 |
At medical office | 0 ± 0 | 4 ± 2.6 | 0.08 |
At home | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | not available |
Benralizumab | |||
Spirometry | 3 ± 1.1 | 0 ± 0 | 0.02 |
FEV1 | not available | not available | not available |
ACT | 24 ± 0.5 | 24 ± 2.2 | 0.7 |
Blood tests | 1 ± 1.4 | 1 ± 0.5 | 0.2 |
Clinical examination | 3 ± 0.6 | 0 ± 0 | <0.0001 |
Exacerbations | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | not available |
Biologic administration | |||
At hospital | 3 ± 0 | 0 ± 0.4 | <0.0001 |
At medical office | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 1.3 | 0.18 |
At home | 0 ± 0 | 3 ± 1.5 | 0.008 |
Males | Females | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-Pandemic (Median ± SD) | Pandemic (Median ± SD) | p-Value | Pre-Pandemic (Median ± SD) | Pandemic (Median ± SD) | p-Value | |
Omalizumab | ||||||
Spirometry | 0 ± 0.5 | 0 ± 0.7 | 0.4 | 0 ± 0.5 | 0 ± 0.6 | 0.6 |
FEV1 | 2.1 ± 0.7 | 1.8 ± 0.7 | not available | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 2 ± 0.6 | not available |
ACT | 21 ± 2.9 | 25 ± 4.9 | 0.22 | 21 ± 2.8 | 25 ± 4.7 | 0.7 |
Blood tests | 0 ± 0.3 | 0 ± 2.8 | 0.3 | 0 ± 0.3 | 0 ± 2.4 | 0.3 |
Clinical examination | 6 ± 4.5 | 0 ± 0.9 | 0.003 | 6 ± 4.6 | 0 ± 3.1 | 0.1 |
Exacerbations | 0 ± 0.8 | 0 ± 2.1 | 0.4 | 0 ± 0.7 | 0 ± 1.9 | 0.37 |
Biologic administration | ||||||
At hospital | 6 ± 2.8 | 1 ± 4.3 | 0.03 | 7 ± 3.1 | 1 ± 4.5 | 0.1 |
At medical office | 0 ± 0.3 | 0 ± 4.4 | 0.2 | 0 ± 0.8 | 1 ± 4.1 | 0.02 |
At home | 0 ± 0.3 | 0 ± 4.4 | 0.1 | 0 ± 0.2 | 1 ± 4.1 | 0.3 |
Mepolizumab | ||||||
Spirometry | not available | not available | not available | 1 ± 0 | 0 ± 0.5 | 0.06 |
FEV1 | not available | not available | not available | 1.9 ± 0.3 | not available | not available |
ACT | not available | not available | not available | 20 ± 0.5 | 24 ± 0.5 | 0.001 |
Blood tests | not available | not available | not available | 0 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 1 | 0.2 |
Clinical examination | not available | not available | not available | 6 ± 2.2 | 0 ± 0.5 | 0.02 |
Exacerbations | not available | not available | not available | 0.5 ± 0.6 | 0 | 0.2 |
Biologic administration | ||||||
At hospital | not available | not available | not available | 6 ± 0.5 | 2 ± 2.6 | 0.08 |
At medical office | not available | not available | not available | 0 | 4 ± 2.6 | 0.08 |
At home | not available | not available | not available | 0 | 0 | 0.2 |
Benralizumab | ||||||
Spirometry | 2 ± 0.8 | 0 | 0.1 | 3 ± 1.3 | 0 | 0.01 |
FEV1 | 2.4 ± 0.8 | not available | not available | 2.4 ± 0.3 | not available | not available |
ACT | 24 ± 0.5 | 25 ± 0.4 | not available | 24 ± 0.4 | 25 ± 2.6 | 0.5 |
Blood tests | 1 ± 1.1 | 1 ± 0.4 | 0.5 | 1 ± 1.3 | 0 ± 0.5 | 0.2 |
Clinical examination | 3 ± 0.4 | 0 | 0.1 | 3 ± 0.7 | 0 | <0.0001 |
Exacerbations | 0 | 0 ± 0.5 | not available | 0 | 0 | not available |
Biologic administration | ||||||
At hospital | 3 ± 0.4 | 0 ± 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 ± 0.5 | 0 ± 0.4 | <0.0001 |
At medical office | 0 | 2 ± 1.3 | not available | 0 | 0 ± 0.9 | 0.4 |
At home | 0 ± 1.1 | 0 ± 1.6 | not available | 0 ± 0.9 | 3 ± 1.3 | 0.02 |
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Pelaia, C.; Casarella, A.; Marcianò, G.; Muraca, L.; Rania, V.; Citraro, R.; Palleria, C.; Roberti, R.; Pelaia, G.; De Sarro, G.; et al. Asthma Control during COVID-19 Lockdown in Patients with Severe Asthma under Biological Drug Treatment. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 12089. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112412089
Pelaia C, Casarella A, Marcianò G, Muraca L, Rania V, Citraro R, Palleria C, Roberti R, Pelaia G, De Sarro G, et al. Asthma Control during COVID-19 Lockdown in Patients with Severe Asthma under Biological Drug Treatment. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(24):12089. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112412089
Chicago/Turabian StylePelaia, Corrado, Alessandro Casarella, Gianmarco Marcianò, Lucia Muraca, Vincenzo Rania, Rita Citraro, Caterina Palleria, Roberta Roberti, Giulia Pelaia, Giovambattista De Sarro, and et al. 2021. "Asthma Control during COVID-19 Lockdown in Patients with Severe Asthma under Biological Drug Treatment" Applied Sciences 11, no. 24: 12089. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112412089