Georeferencing of Multi-Sheet Maps Based on Least Squares with Constraints—First Military Mapping Survey Maps in the Area of Czechia
Department of Geomatics, FCE, Czech Technical University in Prague, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic
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Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(1), 299; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010299
Received: 11 December 2020
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Revised: 23 December 2020
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Accepted: 25 December 2020
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Published: 30 December 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analyses in Geomatics: Processing Spatial Data on History and Today)
The article deals with the possibility of georeferencing old multi-sheet map works. Various approaches to problem solving and a workable method for using the least squares method with the conditions of the adjacency of map sheets are discussed. To increase reliability, the IRLS robust statistical method is used, which uses iterative weighting of individual measurements based on Huber’s M-estimate. The method is applied to the First Military Mapping of the Habsburg monarchy as a typical representative of old topographic maps, which are not easy to georeference due to unknown parameters of the used cartographic projection. A georeferenced layer of the above mentioned mapping is available on the Mapire.eu portal as well. A basic analysis of the comparison of georeferencing results using our method and the mentioned portal is performed.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Janata, T.; Cajthaml, J. Georeferencing of Multi-Sheet Maps Based on Least Squares with Constraints—First Military Mapping Survey Maps in the Area of Czechia. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 299. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010299
AMA Style
Janata T, Cajthaml J. Georeferencing of Multi-Sheet Maps Based on Least Squares with Constraints—First Military Mapping Survey Maps in the Area of Czechia. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(1):299. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010299
Chicago/Turabian StyleJanata, Tomáš, and Jiří Cajthaml. 2021. "Georeferencing of Multi-Sheet Maps Based on Least Squares with Constraints—First Military Mapping Survey Maps in the Area of Czechia" Applied Sciences 11, no. 1: 299. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010299
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