Assessment of Diatom Assemblages in Close Proximity to Mining Activities in Nunavik, Northern Quebec (Canada)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Water and Biofilm Collection
2.3. Water Chemistry and Diatom Assemblage Analyses
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Water Chemistry Values
3.2. Diatom Assemblages and Biotypes
3.3. Diatom Assemblages versus Water Chemistry, Tolerant Taxa and Teratologies
3.4. Diatom-Based Monitoring North of the 49th Parallel
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stations | pH | Ni | Cu | Cd | Mg | Ca | Cl | NO3 | SO4 | COD | PO4 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
µM | µM | nM | mM | mM | µM | µM | mM | mg/L | nM | |||||||||||||
EX1 | 6.9 | (0.3) | 0.29 | (0.05) | 0.04 | (0.04) | 0.47 | (0.51) | 0.17 | (0.05) | 0.15 | (0.05) | 65 | (38) | 13.0 | (6.0) | 0.23 | (0.10) | 0.64 | (0.17) | 50 | (47) |
EX2 | 4.9 | (0.6) | 56 | (26) | 6.1 | (4.7) | 16 | (17) | 1.18 | (0.24) | 0.30 | (0.07) | 51.0 | (9.7) | 59 | (14) | 1.67 | (0.34) | 0.78 | (0.35) | 96 | (58) |
EX3 | 4.3 | (1.4) | 680 | (480) | 170 | (140) | 210 | (290) | 5.7 | (2.3) | 1.52 | (0.71) | 440 | (340) | 540 | (330) | 9.7 | (5.4) | 1.03 | (0.29) | 170 | (120) |
EX4 | 6.3 | (0.9) | 42 | (66) | 10 | (13) | 15 | (24) | 0.55 | (0.40) | 0.23 | (0.10) | 77 | (48) | 38 | (26) | 0.78 | (0.55) | 0.83 | (0.23) | 61 | (38) |
EX4C | 4.1 | (0.7) | 400 | (260) | 61 | (51) | 33 | (32) | 3.6 | (2.3) | 1.00 | (0.55) | 180 | (89) | 390 | (280) | 6.3 | (4.0) | 1.05 | (0.33) | 160 | (100) |
EF0 | 6.6 | (0.7) | 19 | (24) | 3.4 | (4.7) | 3.8 | (3.0) | 0.35 | (0.14) | 0.19 | (0.07) | 40 | (11) | 22 | (13) | 0.53 | (0.28) | 1.16 | (0.21) | 82 | (35) |
EF1 | 6.9 | (1.0) | 16 | (18) | 2.3 | (3.3) | 6.8 | (8.3) | 0.90 | (0.46) | 0.93 | (0.61) | 160 | (100) | 180 | (190) | 4.7 | (4.7) | 1.00 | (0.48) | 64 | (52) |
EF2 | 6.6 | (0.5) | 12 | (11) | 1.9 | (2.1) | 3.3 | (2.2) | 0.68 | (0.22) | 0.72 | (0.27) | 72 | (17) | 53 | (31) | 1.47 | (0.64) | 1.22 | (0.19) | 64 | (44) |
EF3 | 6.7 | (0.4) | 6.6 | (9.4) | 1.0 | (1.7) | 1.7 | (1.7) | 0.25 | (0.17) | 0.25 | (0.22) | 39 | (19) | 22 | (20) | 0.51 | (0.49) | 2.03 | (0.97) | 73 | (53) |
M0* | 6.5 | (0.2) | 0.16 | (0.11) | 0.04 | (0.01) | 0.62 | (0.26) | 0.09 | (0.07) | 0.38 | (0.40) | 780 | (930) | 87 | (110) | 0.05 | (0.03) | 1.07 | (0.31) | 40 | (15) |
M1 | 6.5 | (0.2) | 0.21 | (0.16) | 0.04 | (0.01) | 0.43 | (0.31) | 0.08 | (0.06) | 0.34 | (0.30) | 680 | (720) | 85 | (84) | 0.05 | (0.02) | 1.14 | (0.33) | 55 | (11) |
M2 | 6.6 | (0.2) | 0.24 | (0.20) | 0.06 | (0.05) | 0.43 | (0.32) | 0.08 | (0.06) | 0.33 | (0.30) | 670 | (720) | 70 | (82) | 0.05 | (0.02) | 1.12 | (0.35) | 54 | (18) |
M3 | 6.7 | (0.2) | 2.0 | (1.6) | 0.09 | (0.05) | 1.5 | (1.6) | 0.17 | (0.13) | 0.46 | (0.39) | 620 | (620) | 85 | (72) | 0.46 | (0.41) | 1.12 | (0.30) | 51 | (13) |
M4 | 6.7 | (0.2) | 2.6 | (2.1) | 0.10 | (0.07) | 1.6 | (1.7) | 0.19 | (0.12) | 0.48 | (0.37) | 590 | (590) | 80 | (67) | 0.48 | (0.39) | 1.21 | (0.45) | 58.2 | (9.5) |
MA | 6.7 | (0.2) | 0.86 | (0.71) | 0.07 | (0.06) | 0.54 | (0.27) | 0.24 | (0.18) | 0.74 | (0.32) | 1100 | (630) | 157 | (59) | 0.7 | (1.1) | 1.15 | (0.46) | 71 | (29) |
C * | 6.8 | (0.6) | 0.09 | (0.07) | 0.03 | (0.02) | 0.08 | (0.17) | 0.06 | (0.02) | 0.03 | (0.01) | 21 | (123) | 2.5 | (2.6) | 0.01 | (0.00) | 2.62 | (0.91) | 60 | (26) |
C1EX * | 6.6 | (0.4) | 0.11 | (0.03) | 0.03 | (0.02) | 0.21 | (0.26) | 0.22 | (0.11) | 0.12 | (0.05) | 18.8 | (8.5) | 6.2 | (3.8) | 0.31 | (0.15) | 1.23 | (0.35) | 44 | (21) |
C2EX * | 6.3 | (0.4) | 0.04 | (0.01) | 0.02 | (0.01) | 0.07 | (0.10) | 0.02 | (0.01) | 0.03 | (0.01) | 17.0 | (9.9) | 3.2 | (2.1) | 0.02 | (0.01) | 1.63 | (0.53) | 71 | (22) |
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Lavoie, I.; Morin, S.; Laderriere, V.; Paris, L.-E.; Fortin, C. Assessment of Diatom Assemblages in Close Proximity to Mining Activities in Nunavik, Northern Quebec (Canada). Environments 2019, 6, 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6060074
Lavoie I, Morin S, Laderriere V, Paris L-E, Fortin C. Assessment of Diatom Assemblages in Close Proximity to Mining Activities in Nunavik, Northern Quebec (Canada). Environments. 2019; 6(6):74. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6060074
Chicago/Turabian StyleLavoie, Isabelle, Soizic Morin, Vincent Laderriere, Louise-Emmanuelle Paris, and Claude Fortin. 2019. "Assessment of Diatom Assemblages in Close Proximity to Mining Activities in Nunavik, Northern Quebec (Canada)" Environments 6, no. 6: 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6060074