Relationship between Psychological Factors and Social Support after Lifting of Evacuation Order in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Survey Items
2.2.1. Main Outcome Variable
2.2.2. Main Explanatory Variables
2.2.3. Related Factors
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Relationship between PSS and Need for Professional Support
4.2. Relationship between Sleep Status and Need for Professional Support
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Need for Prof. Support (n = 191) | No Need for Prof. Support (n = 1214) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Basic characteristics | |||
Age (elderly) | 114 (59.7) | 704 (58.3) | 0.752 |
Gender (female) | 127 (66.5) | 652 (54.0) | 0.001 |
Current family structure (living alone) | 36 (19.1) | 124 (10.3) | 0.001 |
Co-morbidities (present) | 67 (45.0) | 464 (41.5) | 0.428 |
Living environment | |||
Residing within the village | 27 (14.4) | 189 (16.3) | 0.766 |
Residing in temporary housing outside the village | 74 (39.6) | 435 (37.4) | |
Residing in permanent housing outside the village | 86 (46.0) | 538 (46.3) | |
Perceived social support (PSS) | |||
Someone to talk to when having difficulties (absent) | 59 (30.9) | 132 (10.9) | <0.001 |
Someone to talk to when feeling unwell (absent) | 48 (25.1) | 92 (7.6) | <0.001 |
Someone to help with daily life activities (absent) | 66 (34.6) | 191 (15.8) | <0.001 |
Someone to take one to the doctor (absent) | 42 (22.0) | 94 (7.8) | <0.001 |
Someone to provide personal care (absent) | 51 (26.7) | 143 (11.8) | <0.001 |
Listening to worries and concerns (absent) | 74 (38.9) | 280 (23.2) | <0.001 |
Psychological variables | |||
Sleep score (mean ± SD) | 4.6 ± 2.0 | 2.7 ± 2.1 | <0.001 |
Stress (present) | 167 (87.9) | 816 (67.5) | <0.001 |
Residing within the Village (n = 216) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Type of PSS | Need for Prof. Support (n = 27) | OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
Emotional support | Present (n = 181) | 17 (9.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Absent (n = 35) | 10 (28.6) | 3.86 (1.59–9.37) | 1.76 (0.50–6.14) | |
Instrumental support | Present (n = 167) | 16 (9.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Absent (n = 49) | 11 (22.4) | 2.73 (1.17–6.37) | 1.81 (0.52–6.31) | |
Providing support | Present (n = 159) | 16 (10.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Absent (n = 56) | 11 (19.6) | 2.19 (0.95–5.05) | 1.63 (0.54–4.98) | |
Residing in Temporary Housing Outside the Village (n = 509) | ||||
Type of PSS | Need for Prof. Support (n = 74) | OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
Emotional support | Present (n = 448) | 57 (12.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Absent (n = 60) | 17 (28.3) | 1.88 (0.89–3.98) | 2.02 (0.89–4.59) | |
Instrumental support | Present (n = 415) | 50 (12.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Absent (n = 93) | 24 (25.8) | 1.98 (1.05–3.75) | 1.87 (0.93–3.76) | |
Providing support | Present (n = 370) | 48 (13.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Absent (n = 138) | 26 (18.8) | 1.02 (0.56–1.87) | 1.05 (0.55–2.00) | |
Residing in permanent housing outside the village (n = 624) | ||||
Type of PSS | Need for prof. support (n = 86) | OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
Emotional support | Present (n = 536) | 54 (10.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Absent (n = 87) | 32 (36.8) | 3.20 (1.77–5.77) | 2.87 (1.52–5.42) | |
Instrumental support | Present (n = 520) | 56 (10.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Absent (n = 103) | 30 (29.1) | 1.94 (1.08–3.47) | 1.86 (0.99–3.48) | |
Providing support | Present (n = 477) | 49 (10.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Absent (n = 145) | 36 (24.8) | 1.86 (1.10–3.16) | 1.87 (1.05–3.36) |
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Kuroda, Y.; Koyama, Y. Relationship between Psychological Factors and Social Support after Lifting of Evacuation Order in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Behav. Sci. 2020, 10, 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10100149
Kuroda Y, Koyama Y. Relationship between Psychological Factors and Social Support after Lifting of Evacuation Order in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Behavioral Sciences. 2020; 10(10):149. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10100149
Chicago/Turabian StyleKuroda, Yujiro, and Yohei Koyama. 2020. "Relationship between Psychological Factors and Social Support after Lifting of Evacuation Order in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan" Behavioral Sciences 10, no. 10: 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10100149