Prevalence of Worry-Induced Sleep Disturbance and Associated Factors among a National Sample of In-School Adolescents in Lebanon
Abstract
:1. Background
2. Methods
2.1. Sources of Data
2.2. Measures
3. Data Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Sample and Worry-Induced Sleep Disturbance Characteristics
4.2. Associations with Worry-Induced Sleep Disturbance
5. Discussion
6. Study Limitations
7. Conclusions
8. Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Variable | Sample | Worry Induced Sleep Disturbance |
---|---|---|
N (%) | N (%) | |
Socio-Demographics | ||
All | 5708 (100) | 839 (14.7) |
Age in years | ||
13 or less | 1543 (29.1) | 143 (8.8) |
14–15 | 1878 (35.5) | 284 (14.5) |
16 or more | 5692 (35.5) | 406 (17.1) |
Gender | ||
Female | 3370 (56.9) | 605 (17.2) |
Male | 2330 (43.1) | 233 (9.6) |
Psychosocial distress | ||
No close friends | 268 (4.6) | 86 (34.2) |
Loneliness | 737 (13.1) | 335 (45.3) |
Bullied in past month | ||
0 days | 4651 (85.0) | 592 (11.4) |
1 or 2 days | 509 (9.7) | 100 (20.7) |
3–30 days | 301 (5.3) | 97 (28.4) |
Physically attacked in past year | ||
0 times | 4561 (80.1) | 575 (11.7) |
1 time | 523 (9.1) | 108 (18.7) |
2 or more times | 606 (10.7) | 154 (23.1) |
In physical fight in past year | ||
0 times | 3684 (65.5) | 477 (12.2) |
1 time | 814 (14.5) | 128 (13.2) |
2 or more times | 1147 (20.1) | 224 (17.7) |
Social-environmental factors | ||
Mostly/always feeling hungry | 163 (2.6) | 43 (26.0) |
Low peer support | 978 (20.0) | 191 (19.0) |
Parental emotional neglect | 501 (11.1) | 103 (17.2) |
Parents never check home work | 1337 (23.9) | 238 (16.8) |
Parents disrespect privacy | 388 (7.6) | 87 (23.7) |
Passive smoking in past week | ||
0 days | 1571 (28.8) | 166 (10.3) |
1–6 days | 2031 (34.4) | 253 (11.1) |
All 7 days | 2005 (36.8) | 401 (19.3) |
School truancy (past month) | ||
0 days | 4406 (82.6) | 622 (13.0) |
1–2 days | 610 (11.7) | 113 (18.2) |
3 or more days | 288 (5.6) | 63 (20.7) |
Health risk behaviours | ||
Ever drunk | 587 (10.9) | 109 (17.9) |
Current tobacco use | 1987 (35.9) | 433 (20.4) |
Ever cannabis use | 141 (2.5) | 41 (31.1) |
Leisure time sedentary behaviour/day | ||
<3 h | 2979 (59.2) | 363 (10.9) |
3–4 h | 1208 (21.2) | 190 (13.2) |
5–8 h | 744 (12.7) | 127 (17.4) |
>8 h | 394 (7.0) | 114 (29.2) |
Soft drink intake in a day | ||
0 | 2969 (49.2) | 421 (13.2) |
1 | 1288 (24.7) | 155 (11.4) |
2 | 711 (13.1) | 122 (15.5) |
3 or more | 717 (13.0) | 138 (17.9) |
Fast food intake in past week | ||
0 days | 1346 (23.9) | 209 (15.6) |
1 day | 1730 (30.3) | 230 (11.6) |
2 days | 1224 (21.4) | 157 (11.9) |
3 or more days | 1377 (24.4) | 241 (16.2) |
Injury in past 12 months | ||
0 times | 3332 (64.7) | 347 (9.9) |
1 time | 1130 (22.6) | 221 (17.1) |
2 or more times | 654 (12.7) | 182 (25.1) |
Variable | Unadjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
Socio-Demographics | ||
Age in years | ||
13 or less | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
14–15 | 1.75 (1.41, 2.17) *** | 1.53 (1.14, 2.05) ** |
16 or more | 2.13 (1.73, 2.64) *** | 1.48 (1.11, 1.96) ** |
Gender | ||
Female | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
Male | 0.51 (0.41, 0.64) *** | 0.44 (0.33, 0.60) *** |
Psychosocial distress | ||
No close friends | 3.56 (2.54, 5.00) *** | 2.18 (1.35, 3.53) ** |
Loneliness | 7.96 (6.37, 9.95) *** | 4.99 (3.82, 6.53) *** |
Bullied in past month | ||
0 days | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
1 or 2 days | 2.04 (1.58, 2.64) *** | 1.56 (1.13, 2.16) ** |
3–30 days | 3.10 (2.19, 4.39) *** | 1.69 (0.90, 3.17) |
Physically attacked in past year | ||
0 times | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
1 time | 1.74 (1.34, 2.26) *** | 1.18 (0.80, 1.74) |
2 or more times | 2.26 (1.94, 2.63) *** | 1.53 (0.99, 2.37) |
In physical fight in past year | ||
0 times | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
1 time | 1.09 (0.90, 1.32) | 1.02 (0.76, 1.36) |
2 or more times | 1.54 (1.23, 1.94) *** | 0.95 (0.63, 1.43) |
Social-environmental factors | ||
Mostly/always feeling hungry | 2.31 (1.55, 3.45) *** | 1.39 (0.83, 2.31) |
Low peer support | 1.60 (1.25, 2.04) *** | 1.06 (0.73, 1.53) |
Parental emotional neglect | 1.33 (1.00, 1.77) * | 1.10 (0.76, 1.60) |
Parents never check home work | 1.35 (1.10, 1.66) ** | 1.12 (0.90, 1.40) |
Parents disrespect privacy | 2.07 (1.54, 2.77) *** | 1.57 (1.06, 2.33) * |
Passive smoking in past week | ||
0 days | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
1–6 days | 1.08 (0.87, 1.35) | 0.93 (0.73, 1.19) |
All 7 days | 2.08 (1.73, 2.50) *** | 1.25 (0.91, 1.71) |
School truancy (past month) | ||
0 days | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
1–2 days | 1.49 (1.20, 1.86) *** | 1.24 (0.91, 1.71) |
3 or more days | 1.75 (1.23, 2.47) ** | 1.28 (0.83, 1.97) |
Health risk behaviours | ||
Ever drunk | 1.45 (1.09, 1.92) * | 0.81 (0.47, 1.39) |
Current tobacco use | 2.26 (1.76, 2.91) *** | 1.39 (1.03, 1.89) * |
Ever cannabis use | 3.00 (2.06, 4.38) *** | 2.63 (1.24, 5.59) * |
Leisure time sedentary behaviour/day | ||
<3 h | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
3–4 h | 1.24 (1.02, 1.52) * | 1.23 (0.93, 1.62) |
5–8 h | 1.71 (1.36, 2.16) *** | 1.21 (0.88, 1.65) |
>8 h | 3.36 (2.65, 4.26) *** | 2.02 (1.43, 2.84) *** |
Soft drink intake in a day | ||
0 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
1 | 0.84 (0.70, 1.02) | 0.84 (0.66, 1.07) |
2 | 1.21 (0.91, 1.61) | 1.03 (0.71, 1.48) |
3 or more | 1.43 (1.10, 1.87) ** | 1.02 (0.63, 1.65) |
Fast food intake in past week | ||
0 days | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
1 day | 0.71 (0.55, 0.93) * | 0.86 (0.63, 1.16) |
2 days | 0.73 (0.58, 0.93) * | 0.71 (0.47, 1.08) |
3 or more days | 1.05 (0.78, 1.41) | 0.90 (0.61, 1.31) |
Injury in past 12 months | ||
0 times | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
1 time | 1.88 (1.54, 2.30) *** | 1.87 (1.35, 2.58) *** |
2 or more times | 3.06 (2.49, 3.76) *** | 2.20 (1.53, 3.17) *** |
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Pengpid, S.; Peltzer, K. Prevalence of Worry-Induced Sleep Disturbance and Associated Factors among a National Sample of In-School Adolescents in Lebanon. Behav. Sci. 2020, 10, 148. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10100148
Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Prevalence of Worry-Induced Sleep Disturbance and Associated Factors among a National Sample of In-School Adolescents in Lebanon. Behavioral Sciences. 2020; 10(10):148. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10100148
Chicago/Turabian StylePengpid, Supa, and Karl Peltzer. 2020. "Prevalence of Worry-Induced Sleep Disturbance and Associated Factors among a National Sample of In-School Adolescents in Lebanon" Behavioral Sciences 10, no. 10: 148. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10100148