Assessment of the Seismic Vulnerability of Bridge Abutments with 3D Numerical Simulations

The role of abutments on the seismic vulnerability of bridges has been relatively little studied in geotechnical literature. To cover this gap, 3D numerical simulations were herein performed, by studying the seismic performance of three single-span bridge configurations. The numerical models used OpenSees to account the effects due to soil structure interaction between the deck and the abutments. In particular, advanced materials were implemented to model the non-linear hysteresis and plasticity that are responsible for soil deformations and, thus, structural damage. A probabilistic-based approach was considered and analytical fragility curves were developed to account modeling uncertainties. The role of bridge deformability was investigated by considering several limit states based on the calculation of the longitudinal displacements of the deck.