Genetic Polymorphism of β-Casein Gene in Polish Red Cattle—Preliminary Study of A1 and A2 Frequency in Genetic Conservation Herd
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
DNA Isolation and Genotyping
- CASB forward: 5’-GCAGAATTCTAGTCTATCCCTTCCCTGGACCCATGC-3’
- CASB reverse: 5’-ACGGACTGAGGAGGAAACATGACAGTTGGAGGAAG-3’
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Krupiński, J. Ochrona zasobów genetycznych zwierząt gospodarskich w Polsce. Wiadomości Zootech. 2008, 1, 1–10. [Google Scholar]
- Farrel, H.M. Casein Nomenclature, Structure, and Association. In Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences; Roginsky, H., Fuquay, J., Fox, P., Eds.; Academic Press: London, UK, 2003. [Google Scholar]
- Truswell, A.S. The A2 milk case: A critical review. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2005, 59, 623. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Farrell, H.M.; Jimenez-Flores, R.; Bleck, G.T.; Brown, E.M.; Butler, J.E.; Creamer, L.K.; Swaisgood, H.E. Nomenclature of the proteins of cows’ milk—Sixth revision. J. Dairy Sci. 2004, 87, 1641–1674. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kamiński, S.; Cieślińska, A.; Kostyra, E. Polymorphism of bovine beta-casein and its potential effect on human health. J. Appl. Genet. 2007, 48, 189–198. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jarmołowska, B.; Kostyra, E.; Krawczuk, S.; Kostyra, H. β-Casomorphin-7 isolated from Brie cheese. J. Sci. Food Agric. 1999, 79, 1788–1792. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kostyra, E.; Sienkiewicz-Szłapka, E.; Jarmołowska, B.; Krawczuk, S.; Kostyra, H. Opioid peptides derived from milk proteins. Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2004, 13/54, 25–35. [Google Scholar]
- Cieślińska, A.; Kostyra, E.; Kostyra, H.; Oleński, K.; Fiedorowicz, E.; Kamiński, S. Milk from cows of different β-casein genotypes as a source of β-casomorphin-7. Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 2012, 63, 426–430. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jinsmaa, Y.; Yoshikawa, M. Enzymatic release of neocasomorphin and beta-casomorphin from bovine beta-casein. Peptides 1999, 20, 957–962. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cieślińska, A.; Sienkiewicz-Szłapka, E.; Wasilewska, J.; Fiedorowicz, E.; Chwała, B.; Moszyńska-Dumara, M.; Kostyra, E. Influence of candidate polymorphisms on the dipeptidyl peptidase IV and μ-opioid receptor genes expression in aspect of the β-casomorphin-7 modulation functions in autism. Peptides 2015, 65, 6–11. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kost, N.V.; Sokolov, О.Y.; Kurasova, О.B.; Dmitriev, A.D.; Tarakanova, J.N.; Gabaeva, М.V.; Mikheeva, I.G. β-Casomorphins-7 in infants on different type of feeding and different levels of psychomotor development. Peptides 2009, 30, 1854–1860. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Petrat-Melin, B.; Andersen, P.; Rasmussen, J.T.; Poulsen, N.A.; Larsen, L.B.; Young, J.F. In vitro digestion of purified β-casein variants A(1), A(2), B, and I: Effects on antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory capacity. J. Dairy Sci. 2015, 98, 15–26. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Reichelt, K.L.; Tveiten Bioengineer, D.; Knivsberg, A.M.; Brønstad, G. Peptides’ role in autism with emphasis on exorphins. Microb. Ecol. Health D 2012, 23, 18958. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Oleński, K.; Cieślińska, A.; Suchocki, T.; Szyda, J.; Kamiński, S. Polymorphism in coding and regulatory sequences of beta-casein gene is associated with milk production traits in Holstein-Friesian cattle. Anim. Sci. Pap. Rep. 2012, 30, 12. [Google Scholar]
- Gustavsson, F.; Buitenhuis, A.J.; Johansson, M.; Bertelsen, H.P.; Glantz, M.; Poulsen, N.A.; Paulsson, M. Effects of breed and casein genetic variants on protein profile in milk from Swedish Red, Danish Holstein, and Danish Jersey cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2014, 97, 3866–3877. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Kamiński, S.; Ruść, A.; Cieślińska, A. A note on frequency of A1 and A2 variants of bovine beta casein locus in Polish Holstein bulls. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 2006, 15, 195–198. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Grega, T.; Sady, M.; Najgebauer, D.; Domagala, J.; Faber, B. Bioactive components of milk from different cow breeds. Biotechnol. Anim. Husb. 2005, 21, 35–38. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Clemens, R.A. Milk A1 and A2 peptides and diabetes. In Milk and Milk Products in Human Nutrition; Clemens, R.A., Hernell, O., Michaelsen, K.F., Eds.; Nestec Ltd.: Vevey, Switzerland; S. Karger AG: Basel, Switzerland, 2011; Volume 67, pp. 187–195. [Google Scholar]
- European Food Safety Authority. Review of the potential health impact of β-casomorphins and related peptides. EFSA Sci. Rep. 2009, 231, 1–107. [Google Scholar]
- Swinburne, B. Beta Casein A1 and A2 in Milk and Human Health. Report to New Zealand Food Safety Authority; 2004. Available online: https://www.foodsafety.govt.nz/elibrary/industry/Beta_Casein-Report_Reviews.pdf (accessed on 20 June 2019).
- Visker, M.H.P.W.; Dibbits, B.W.; Kinders, S.M.; Van Valenberg, H.J.F.; Van Arendonk, J.A.M.; Bovenhuis, H. Association of bovine β-casein protein variant I with milk production and milk protein composition. Anim. Genet. 2011, 42, 212–218. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Heck, J.M.L.; Schennink, A.; Van Valenberg, H.J.F.; Bovenhuis, H.; Visker, M.H.P.W.; Van Arendonk, J.A.M.; Van Hooijdonk, A.C.M. Effects of milk protein variants on the protein composition of bovine milk. J. Dairy Sci. 2009, 92, 1192–1202. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Molee, A.; Boonek, L.; Rungsakinnin, N. The effect of beta and kappa casein genes on milk yield and milk composition in different percentages of Holstein in crossbred dairy cattle. Anim. Sci. J. 2011, 82, 512–516. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Massella, E.; Piva, S.; Giacometti, F.; Liuzzo, G.; Zambrini, A.V.; Serraino, A. Evaluation of bovine beta casein polymorphism in two dairy farms located in northern Italy. Ital. J. Food Saf. 2017, 6, 6904. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chessa, S.; Bulgari, O.; Rossoni, A.; Ceriotti, G.; Caroli, A.M. Bovine β-casein: Detection of two single nucleotide polymorphisms by bidirectional allele specific polymerase chain reaction (BAS-PCR) and monitoring of their variation. OJAS 2013, 3, 36. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dai, R.; Fang, Y.; Zhao, W.; Liu, S.; Ding, J.; Xu, K.; Meng, H. Identification of alleles and genotypes of beta-casein with DNA sequencing analysis in Chinese Holstein cow. J. Dairy Res. 2011, 83, 312–316. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Dinc, H.; Ozkan, E.; Koban, E.; Togan, I. Beta-casein A1/A2, kappa-casein and beta-lactoglobulin polymorphisms in Turkish cattle breeds. Arch. Anim. Breed. 2013, 56, 650–657. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Gholami, M.; Hafezian, S.; Rahimi, G.; Farhadi, A.; Rahimi, Z.; Kahrizi, D.; Veisi, F. Allele specific-PCR and melting curve analysis showed relatively high frequency of β-casein gene A1 allele in Iranian Holstein, Simmental and native cows. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2016, 62, 138–143. [Google Scholar]
- Bech, A.M.; Kristiansen, K.R. Milk protein polymorphism in Danish dairy cattle and the influence of genetic variants on milk yield. J. Dairy Res. 1990, 57, 53–62. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Group | N (%) of β-Casein Genotypes | Frequency of Alleles | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1A1 | A1A2 | A2A2 | A1 | A2 | ||
Cows | 65 (36.7) | 93 (52.5) | 19 (10.7) | 0.63 | 0.37 | 0.001 |
Bulls | 3 (12.5) | 14 (58.3) | 7 (29.2) | 0.42 | 0.58 | 0.001 |
Breed | Country | Allele Frequency of β-Casein | N | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1 | A2 | ||||
HF | Denmark | 0.266 | 0.614 | 415 | Gustavsson et al., 2014 [15] |
The Netherlands | 0.28 | 0.50 | 1929 | Visker et al., 2010 [21] | |
The Netherlands | 0.029 | 0.69 | 1629 | Heck et al., 2009 [22] | |
Poland | 0.32 | 0.68 | 177 | Cieślińska et al., 2012 [8] | |
Poland | 0.35 | 0.65 | 650 | Oleński et al., 2012 [14] | |
Thailand | 0.363 | 0.602 | 231 | Molee et al., 2011 [23] | |
Italy | 0.371 | 0.546 | 1226 | Massella et al., 2017 [24] | |
Italy | 0.395 | 0.57 | 100 | Chessa et al., 2013 [25] | |
Poland | 0.40 | 0.60 | 143 | Kamiński et al., 2006 [16] | |
China | 0.432 | 0.459 | 133 | Dai et al., 2016 [26] | |
Turkey | 0.485 | 0.456 | 49 | Dinc et al., 2013 [27] | |
Iran | 0.50 | 0.50 | 119 | Gholami et al., 2016 [28] | |
Red | Sweden | 0.48 | 0.51 | 392 | Gustavsson et al., 2014 [15] |
Denmark | 0.71 | 0.23 | 169 | Bech and Kristiansen, 1990 [29] | |
Poland | 0.53 | 0.47 | 201 | Present data |
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Cieślińska, A.; Fiedorowicz, E.; Zwierzchowski, G.; Kordulewska, N.; Jarmołowska, B.; Kostyra, E. Genetic Polymorphism of β-Casein Gene in Polish Red Cattle—Preliminary Study of A1 and A2 Frequency in Genetic Conservation Herd. Animals 2019, 9, 377. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9060377
Cieślińska A, Fiedorowicz E, Zwierzchowski G, Kordulewska N, Jarmołowska B, Kostyra E. Genetic Polymorphism of β-Casein Gene in Polish Red Cattle—Preliminary Study of A1 and A2 Frequency in Genetic Conservation Herd. Animals. 2019; 9(6):377. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9060377
Chicago/Turabian StyleCieślińska, Anna, Ewa Fiedorowicz, Grzegorz Zwierzchowski, Natalia Kordulewska, Beata Jarmołowska, and Elżbieta Kostyra. 2019. "Genetic Polymorphism of β-Casein Gene in Polish Red Cattle—Preliminary Study of A1 and A2 Frequency in Genetic Conservation Herd" Animals 9, no. 6: 377. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9060377
APA StyleCieślińska, A., Fiedorowicz, E., Zwierzchowski, G., Kordulewska, N., Jarmołowska, B., & Kostyra, E. (2019). Genetic Polymorphism of β-Casein Gene in Polish Red Cattle—Preliminary Study of A1 and A2 Frequency in Genetic Conservation Herd. Animals, 9(6), 377. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9060377