Quercetin Alleviates Inflammation and Energy Deficiency Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Chicken Embryos
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Reagents, Chicken Embryos, and Experimental Design
2.2. Histology
2.3. Frozen Oil Red O Staining
2.4. qPCR
2.5. Immunohistochemistry Investigation
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effects of Quercetin on Duodenal Inflammation after LPS Induction in the Chicken Embryos
3.2. Effects of Quercetin on Cecal Inflammation after LPS Induction in the Chicken Embryos
3.3. Effects of Quercetin on Hepatic Inflammation after LPS Induction in the Chicken Embryos
3.4. Quercetin Ameliorates Inflammation through Modulating Lipid Droplet Content in the Liver of the Chicken Embyos
3.5. Quercetin Ameliorates Inflammation by Modulating Glycogen Content in the Livers of the Chicken Embryos
3.6. Quercetin Ameliorates Inflammation through Modulating Energy Metabolism-Associated Gene mRNA Expression in the Duodena of the Chicken Embryos
3.7. Quercetin Ameliorates Inflammation through Decreasing AMPKα2 Protein Expression in the Duodena of the Chicken Embryos
3.8. Quercetin Ameliorates Inflammation through Modulating Energy Metabolism-Associated Gene mRNA Expression in the Cecum of the Chicken Embryos
3.9. Quercetin Ameliorates Inflammation through Modulating Energy Deficiency-Associated Gene mRNA Expression in the Livers of the Chicken Embryos
3.10. Quercetin Ameliorates Inflammation through Decreasing AMPKα2 Protein Expression in the Livers of the Chicken Embryos
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Groups | The Number of Samples | Treatment | Dosage |
---|---|---|---|
Control group | 12 | No | No |
PBS group | 12 | PBS | 0.2 mL PBS/chicken embryo |
PBS + ethanol group | 12 | PBS + ethanol | (0.2 mL PBS + 0.2 mL ethanol)/chicken embryo |
125 ng LPS group | 12 | 0.625 μg LPS/mL | 0.2 mL/chicken embryo, 125 ng LPS/chicken embryo |
10 nmoL Q group | 12 | 50 μM quercetin | 0.2 mL/chicken embryo, 10 nmoL Q/chicken embryo |
20 nmoL Q group | 12 | 100 μM quercetin | 0.2 mL/chicken embryo, 20 nmoL Q/chicken embryo |
40 nmoL Q group | 12 | 200 μM quercetin | 0.2 mL/chicken embryo, 40 nmoL Q/chicken embryo |
125 ng LPS + 10 nmoL Q group | 12 | LPS + 10 nmol quercetin | (0.2 mL 125 ng LPS + 0.2 mL 10 nmoL Q)/chicken embryo |
125 ng LPS + 20 nmoL Q group | 12 | LPS + 20 nmol quercetin | (0.2 mL 125 ng LPS + 0.2 mL 20 nmoL Q)/chicken embryo |
125 ng LPS + 40 nmoL Q group | 12 | LPS + 40 nmol quercetin | (0.2 mL 125 ng LPS + 0.2 mL 40 nmoL Q)/chicken embryo |
Genes Name | Primer Sequence (5′–3′) | Gene Bank ID | Amplicon Size (bp) |
---|---|---|---|
AMPKα1 | F: GTGGCATTTGGGGATACGGA; R: GTTGCAGTCCCAGACTTCGT | NM_001039603.2 | 252 |
AMPKα2 | F: GTGCACCGAGTCAGAAGTGA; R: CGTCCATGAAGGAGCCAGTT | NM_001039605.2 | 158 |
APOA4 | F: AGCACTCAGGATGTCGCCTA; R: GTTGGTCCACGGTCTCCTTG | NM_204938.3 | 152 |
GAPDH | F: GCTAAGGCTGTGGGGAAAGT; R: TCAGCAGCAGCCTTCACTAC | NM_204305.2 | 161 |
PEPT1 | F: GCAGGGATCGAGATGGACAC; R: CAAAAGAGCAGCAGCAACGA | KF366603.1 | 238 |
PPARα | F: GCAAGATGCTGCGTGAAGTG; R: TCCTCCAGGGGAGTAAGTGG | NM_001001464.1 | 156 |
SGLT1 | F: TGTGGGCATAGCAGGAACAG; R: GCTTCCTCAGATACTCCGGC | NM_001293240.2 | 152 |
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Yu, J.; Hu, G.; Guo, X.; Cao, H.; Zhang, C. Quercetin Alleviates Inflammation and Energy Deficiency Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Chicken Embryos. Animals 2023, 13, 2051. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13132051
Yu J, Hu G, Guo X, Cao H, Zhang C. Quercetin Alleviates Inflammation and Energy Deficiency Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Chicken Embryos. Animals. 2023; 13(13):2051. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13132051
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu, Jinhai, Guoliang Hu, Xiaoquan Guo, Huabin Cao, and Caiying Zhang. 2023. "Quercetin Alleviates Inflammation and Energy Deficiency Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Chicken Embryos" Animals 13, no. 13: 2051. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13132051