Evaluation of Fecundity, Fertilization, Hatching, and Gonadosomatic Index of Exotic Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and Native Clarias macromystax (Gunther, 1864) under Semi-Arid Conditions of Nigeria
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Site
2.2. Collection Area
2.3. Brood Stock Selection Inducement
2.4. Determination of Fecundity
2.5. Total Egg Number Release
2.6. Determination of Gonadosomatic Index
2.7. Estimation of Fertilization and Hatching Rate
- (i)
- Fertilization rate (%) = Number of fertilized eggs/Number of estimated eggs × 100;
- (ii)
- Hatchability (%) = × 100;
- (iii)
- Survival (%) = × 100%.
2.8. Determination of Water Quality
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | C. gariepinus | C. macromystax |
---|---|---|
Female weight (kg) | 1.13 a | 0.85 b |
Number of eggs (1/g−1) | 700 a | 845 b |
Fecundity (eggs/kg−1 fish) | 145,715.17 ± 1283.51 b | 93,672.50 ± 477.92 a |
Strains | Weight (g) | Total Length (cm) | Weight of Ovary (g) | Number of Eggs | GSI (%) | PGSI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C. gariepinus | 1310.0 a | 51.0 a | 192.8 a | 198,105.0 a | 12.92 b | 17.41 b |
C. macromystax | 651.0 b | 43.0 a | 132.1 b | 163,054.0 b | 16.89 a | 25.51 a |
Standard Error of the Mean | 0.57 * | 0.57 ns | 0.58 * | 0.57 * | 0.06 * | 0.06 * |
Strains | Weight (g) | Length (cm) | Testes Weight (g) | Length of Right Testes (cm) | Length of Left Testes (cm) | Milt Volume (mL) | Motility Duration (s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C. gariepinus | 1500.0 a | 56.40 a | 8.90 a | 4.74 a | 6.55 a | 9.50 a | 63.00 a |
C. macromystax | 550.0 b | 49.75 b | 6.70 b | 3.80 b | 4.55 b | 7.50 a | 55.00 b |
Standard Error of the Mean | 28.86 * | 0.05 * | 0.58 * | 0.01 * | 0.58 * | 0.57 ns | 0.57 * |
Parameter | C. macromystax | C. gariepinus | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Weight of the right whole testis (g) | 13.21 ± 4.61 | 2.64 ± 1.33 * | 0.04 |
Weight right testis | 4.81 ± 1.73 | 1.52 ± 0.53 | 0.08 |
Volume right testis semen (mL) | 8.41 ± 3.08 | 1.12 ± 0.80 * | 0.03 |
Weight of the left whole testis (g) | 13.40 ± 2.55 | 1.45 ± 0.32 * | 0.00 |
Weight of the left testis (g) | 4.82 ± 1.30 | 1.09 ± 0.17 * | 0.01 |
Volume left testis semen (mL) | 8.58 ± 1.92 | 0.37 ± 0.18 * | 0.00 |
Total semen volume (mL) | 16.69 ± 5.58 | 2.49 ± 0.98 * | 0.01 |
Total testis weight (g) | 10.25 ± 3.36 | 2.60 ± 0.67 * | 0.03 |
Liveweight (kg) | 2.54 ± 0.12 | 2.11 ± 0.15 * | 0.04 |
Total gonadal weight (g) | 27.94 ± 8.17 | 4.09 ± 1.63 * | 0.01 |
Gonadosomatic Index | 1.15 ± 0.38 | 0.19 ± 0.06 * | 0.02 |
Condition factor | 0.84 ± 0.07 | 0.66 ± 0.06 | 0.01 |
Parameter | C. macromystax (n = 20) | C. gariepinus (n = 20) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Live weight (kg) | 2.07 ± 0.11 | 3.66 ± 1.18 | 0.08 |
Weight of eggs (g) | 166.67 ± 31.69 | 233.33 ± 55.48 | 0.30 |
Egg population (×103 eggs/female) | 77.28 ± 22.52 | 94.08 ± 44.63 | 0.72 |
Gonadosomatic Index | 8.24 ± 1.62 | 7.04 ± 1.64 | 0.66 |
Condition factor | 0.85 ± 0.13 | 0.85 ± 0.08 | 0.32 |
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Esa, Y.B.; Dadile, A.M.; Syukri, F.; Christianus, A.; Diyaware, M.Y. Evaluation of Fecundity, Fertilization, Hatching, and Gonadosomatic Index of Exotic Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and Native Clarias macromystax (Gunther, 1864) under Semi-Arid Conditions of Nigeria. Animals 2023, 13, 1723. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13111723
Esa YB, Dadile AM, Syukri F, Christianus A, Diyaware MY. Evaluation of Fecundity, Fertilization, Hatching, and Gonadosomatic Index of Exotic Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and Native Clarias macromystax (Gunther, 1864) under Semi-Arid Conditions of Nigeria. Animals. 2023; 13(11):1723. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13111723
Chicago/Turabian StyleEsa, Yuzine B., Abdulrahman Muhammad Dadile, Fadhil Syukri, Annie Christianus, and Mohammad Y. Diyaware. 2023. "Evaluation of Fecundity, Fertilization, Hatching, and Gonadosomatic Index of Exotic Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and Native Clarias macromystax (Gunther, 1864) under Semi-Arid Conditions of Nigeria" Animals 13, no. 11: 1723. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13111723
APA StyleEsa, Y. B., Dadile, A. M., Syukri, F., Christianus, A., & Diyaware, M. Y. (2023). Evaluation of Fecundity, Fertilization, Hatching, and Gonadosomatic Index of Exotic Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and Native Clarias macromystax (Gunther, 1864) under Semi-Arid Conditions of Nigeria. Animals, 13(11), 1723. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13111723