Chromosome Instability in Pony of Esperia Breed Naturally Infected by Intestinal Strongylidae
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals
2.2. Coprological Analysis
2.3. Anthelmintic Treatment
2.4. Cytogenetic Analyses
2.5. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Coprological Analysis and Anthelmintic Efficacy
3.2. Cytogenetic Analyses
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | N of Animals | Age | EPG | Aneuploidy (2n ≠ 64) | Abnormal Cells | Gaps | Chromatid Breaks | Chromosome Breaks | CAs Excluding Gaps | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Range | Mean ± SD | Range | % | % | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | ||
C + T | 43 | 7.63 ± 5.02 | 3–20 | 980.24 ± 471.75 | 260–1970 | 16.76 a,A | 6.33 | 0.71 ± 0.93 | 0.06 ± 0.25 a | 0.01 ± 0.11 a | 0.07 ± 0.28 A |
CD0 | 20 | 8.00 ± 6.04 | 3–20 | 904.44 ± 536.34 | 260–1970 | 15.44 a,b,A | 4.70 | 0.72 ± 0.98 | 0.04 ± 0.22 a,A | 0.01 ± 0.10 | 0.05 ± 0.25 a |
TD0 | 23 | 7.45 ± 4.06 | 3–20 | 1039.57 ± 389.47 | 400–1970 | 17.90 a,A | 7.74 | 0.70 ± 0.88 | 0.07 ± 0.27 B | 0.01 ± 0.12 | 0.08 ± 0.30 A,b |
CD14 | 13 | 7.75 ± 6.25 | 3–20 | 1179.00 ± 801.82 | 110–2760 | 11.30 c,B | 7.20 | 0.79 ± 0.91 A | 0.07 ± 0.28 B | 0.01 ± 0.12 | 0.08 ± 0.31 A,b |
TD14 | 23 | 7.45 ± 4.06 | 3–20 | 0 | 0 | 13.32 b,c | 6.64 | 0.61 ± 0.74 | 0.04 ± 0.19 b,A | 0.00 ± 0.07 b | 0.04 ± 0.2 B |
TD14 < 6 | 12 | 3.91 ± 0.95 | 3–5 | 0 | 0 | 11.25 c,B | 6.31 | 0.77 ± 0.80 A | 0.04 ± 0.18 b,A | 0.00 ± 0.00 a | 0.04 ± 0.18 B |
TD14 > 6 | 11 | 10.25 ± 4.91 | 6–20 | 0 | 0 | 16.05 b,A | 7.45 | 0.49 ± 0.66 B | 0.04 ± 0.21 b,A | 0.00 ± 0.06 a | 0.05 ± 0.22 a |
Group | N of Animals | Age | EPG Range | Aneuploidy (2n ≠ 64) | Abnormal Cells | Gaps | Chromatid Breaks | Chromosome Breaks | CAs Excluding Gaps | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Range | % | % | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||
1TD0 | 11 | 7.08 ± 4.32 | 3–16 | 400–800 | 17.39 | 5.69 | 0.87 ± 0.88 A | 0.05 ± 0.23 A | 0.00 ± 0.07 A | 0.05 ± 0.31 A,a |
2TD0 | 9 | 8.23 ± 5.43 | 3–20 | 950–1970 | 14.47 | 10.22 | 0.81 ± 0.86 A | 0.08 ± 0.29 B | 0.03 ± 0.16 B | 0.11 ± 0.33 B |
1C + T | 12 | 8.4 ± 6.12 | 3–20 | 260–640 | 18.62 | 5.20 | 0.74 ± 0.96 | 0.05 ± 0.23 A | 0.00 ± 0.06 A | 0.05 ± 0.24 A,a |
2C + T | 13 | 6.17 ± 3.24 | 3–12 | 690–930 | 12.26 a | 6.92 | 0.76 ± 0.94 | 0.07 ± 0.27 | 0.01 ± 0.10 | 0.08 ± 0.30 b |
3C + T | 18 | 9.00 ± 6.14 | 3–20 | 950–1970 | 17.85 | 10.89 | 0.81 ± 0.88 A | 0.08 ± 0.30 B | 0.04 ± 0.19 B | 0.12 ± 0.35 B |
1–2C + T < 6 | 12 | 3.82 ± 0.94 | 3–5 | 260–930 | 19.13 b | 10.00 | 0.76 ± 0.94 | 0.06 ± 0.27 | 0.01 ± 0.09 | 0.07 ± 0.29 |
1–2C + T > 6 | 11 | 10.24 ± 4.15 | 6–20 | 260–930 | 18.41 | 9.64 | 0.80 ± 0.95 | 0.06 ± 0.25 | 0.01 ± 0.08 | 0.07 ± 0.27 |
3C + T < 6 | 9 | 3.40 ± 0.80 | 3–5 | 950–1970 | 12.30 a | 10.64 | 1.12 ± 0.98 A | 0.06 ± 0.26 | 0.05 ± 0.21 B | 0.11 ± 0.34 B |
3C + T > 6 | 9 | 11.00 ± 4.79 | 6–20 | 950–1970 | 16.52 | 11.67 | 0.72 ± 0.83 B | 0.08 ± 0.31 B | 0.03 ± 0.17 B | 0.11 ± 0.34 B |
TD14 | 23 | 7.45 ± 4.06 | 3–20 | 0 | 13.32 | 6.64 | 0.61 ± 0.74 B | 0.04 ± 0.19 A | 0.00 ± 0.07 A | 0.04 ± 0.21 A,a |
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D’Anza, E.; Buono, F.; Albarella, S.; Castaldo, E.; Pugliano, M.; Iannuzzi, A.; Cascone, I.; Battista, E.; Peretti, V.; Ciotola, F. Chromosome Instability in Pony of Esperia Breed Naturally Infected by Intestinal Strongylidae. Animals 2022, 12, 2817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12202817
D’Anza E, Buono F, Albarella S, Castaldo E, Pugliano M, Iannuzzi A, Cascone I, Battista E, Peretti V, Ciotola F. Chromosome Instability in Pony of Esperia Breed Naturally Infected by Intestinal Strongylidae. Animals. 2022; 12(20):2817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12202817
Chicago/Turabian StyleD’Anza, Emanuele, Francesco Buono, Sara Albarella, Elisa Castaldo, Mariagiulia Pugliano, Alessandra Iannuzzi, Ilaria Cascone, Edoardo Battista, Vincenzo Peretti, and Francesca Ciotola. 2022. "Chromosome Instability in Pony of Esperia Breed Naturally Infected by Intestinal Strongylidae" Animals 12, no. 20: 2817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12202817
APA StyleD’Anza, E., Buono, F., Albarella, S., Castaldo, E., Pugliano, M., Iannuzzi, A., Cascone, I., Battista, E., Peretti, V., & Ciotola, F. (2022). Chromosome Instability in Pony of Esperia Breed Naturally Infected by Intestinal Strongylidae. Animals, 12(20), 2817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12202817