The Welfare of Cattle, Sheep, Goats and Pigs from the Perspective of Traumatic Injuries Detected at Slaughterhouse Postmortem Inspection
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Localization of Traumatic Lesions in Cattle, Sheep, Goats and Pigs
4.2. The Occurrence of Traumatic Lesions in Culled Adult Animals and Fattened Animals
4.3. The Occurrence of Traumatic Injuries to the Limbs in Individual Animal Species
4.4. The Occurrence of Traumatic Injuries to the Body in Individual Animal Species
4.5. The Sensitivity of Post-Mortem Veterinary Inspections and Their Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cattle | Pigs | Sheep | Goats | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cows | Heifers | Bulls | Calves | Sows | Finisher Pigs | Piglets | Ewes | Lambs | Does | Kids | |
Number of slaughtered animals | 1,136,754 | 257,912 | 1,015,541 | 104,459 | 586,245 | 25,027,303 | 123,191 | 22,815 | 114,264 | 1348 | 5778 |
Number of traumatic injuries | 19,484 | 1853 | 2865 | 474 | 860 | 24,218 | 179 | 19 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Frequency of traumatic injuries (%) | 1.714 a | 0.718 b | 0.282 d | 0.454 c | 0.147 e | 0.097 g | 0.145 e,f | 0.083 f,g,h | 0.004 e,i | 0.000 d,f,g,h,i | 0.000 h,i |
Species/Category | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
cows | ||||||||||
heifers | 0.000 | heifers | ||||||||
bulls | 0.000 | 0.000 | bulls | |||||||
calves | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | calves | ||||||
sows | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | sows | |||||
finisher pigs | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | finisher pigs | ||||
piglets | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.940 | 0.000 | piglets | |||
ewes | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.017 | 0.583 | 0.025 | ewes | ||
lambs | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | lambs | |
does | 0.000 | 0.003 | 0.090 | 0.023 | 0.293 | 0.481 | 0.299 | 0.576 | 0.943 | does |
kids | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.006 | 0.031 | 0.007 | 0.056 | 0.781 | 1.000 |
Species | Category | Number of Slaughtered Animals | Traumatic Injury to the Limbs (%) | Traumatic Injury to the Body (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
cattle | cows | 1,136,754 | 1.207 a | 0.507 a |
heifers | 257,912 | 0.561 b | 0.157 b | |
bulls | 1,015,541 | 0.223 c | 0.058 c | |
pigs | sows | 586,245 | 0.128 a | 0.019 a |
finisher pigs | 25,027,303 | 0.094 b | 0.003 b | |
sheep | ewes | 22,815 | 0.075 a | 0.009 a |
lambs | 114,264 | 0.002 b | 0.003 a | |
goats | does | 1348 | 0.000 a | 0.000 a |
kids | 5778 | 0.000 a | 0.000 a |
Category | Species | Number of Slaughtered Animals | Traumatic Injury to the Limbs (%) | Traumatic Injury to the Body (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
adult animals | cows | 1,136,754 | 1.207 a | 0.507 a |
sows | 586,245 | 0.128 b | 0.019 b | |
ewes | 22,815 | 0.075 c | 0.009 b | |
does | 1348 | 0.000 b,c | 0.000 b | |
fattened animals | heifers | 257,912 | 0.561 a | 0.157 a |
bulls | 1,015,541 | 0.223 b | 0.059 b | |
finisher pigs | 25,027,303 | 0.094 c | 0.003 c | |
lambs | 114,264 | 0.002 d | 0.003 c | |
kids | 5778 | 0.000 d | 0.000 b,c | |
young animals | calves | 104,459 | 0.374 a | 0.080 a |
piglets | 123,191 | 0.133 b | 0.012 b |
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Valkova, L.; Vecerek, V.; Voslarova, E.; Kaluza, M.; Takacova, D. The Welfare of Cattle, Sheep, Goats and Pigs from the Perspective of Traumatic Injuries Detected at Slaughterhouse Postmortem Inspection. Animals 2021, 11, 1406. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051406
Valkova L, Vecerek V, Voslarova E, Kaluza M, Takacova D. The Welfare of Cattle, Sheep, Goats and Pigs from the Perspective of Traumatic Injuries Detected at Slaughterhouse Postmortem Inspection. Animals. 2021; 11(5):1406. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051406
Chicago/Turabian StyleValkova, Lenka, Vladimir Vecerek, Eva Voslarova, Michal Kaluza, and Daniela Takacova. 2021. "The Welfare of Cattle, Sheep, Goats and Pigs from the Perspective of Traumatic Injuries Detected at Slaughterhouse Postmortem Inspection" Animals 11, no. 5: 1406. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051406
APA StyleValkova, L., Vecerek, V., Voslarova, E., Kaluza, M., & Takacova, D. (2021). The Welfare of Cattle, Sheep, Goats and Pigs from the Perspective of Traumatic Injuries Detected at Slaughterhouse Postmortem Inspection. Animals, 11(5), 1406. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051406