The Specific Immune Response after Vaccination against Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea Differs between Apparent Similar Vaccines in a Case Study
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethical Statement
2.2. Study Design
2.3. Husbandry of Animals
2.4. Collection of Samples
2.5. Test and Analysis
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Cow Results
3.1.1. Basal Homogeneity in the Groups—Including Results at Day 0
3.1.2. Immunological Responses against BoRV, BoCV and ETEC K99 in Cows
3.1.3. Multivariable Analysis for BoRV, BoCV and ETEC Antibody Titre in Cows
3.2. Calf Results
Serology against BoRV, BoCV and ETEC K99 in Calves
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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BoCV | BoRV | ETEC | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vaccine A | Vaccine B | Control | Vaccine A | Vaccine B | Control | Vaccine A | Vaccine B | Control | |
Variable | |||||||||
Serum0 | 89.2 a | 81.4 b | 82.6 b | 45.5 a | 50.6 a | 45.7 a | 4.2 a | 2.9 a | 2.1 a |
(85.2–93.2) | (75.3–87.5) | (77.8–87.3) | (36.3–54.7) | (40.5–60.8) | (36.1–55.3) | (1.1–7.4) | (1.6–4.2) | (1.3–2.9) | |
SerumPart | 96.3 a | 92.5 b | 86.9 c | 48.9 a | 61.6 b | 30.4 c | 72.8 a | 48.6 b | 6.6 c |
(96.1–96.5) | (90.4–94.6) | (83.1–90.9) | (40.5–57.4) | (52.5–70.7) | (21.9–38.9) | (63.5–82.1) | (36.2–60.9) | (1.3–11.9) | |
Colostrum | 64.1 a | 26.9 b | 15.6 c | 93.5 a | 95.8 a | 93.4 b | 91.3 a | 83.2 b | 13.9 c |
(54.5–73.8) | (18.9–35.1) | (9.1–22.1) | (87.9–99.1) | (94.2–97.5) | (91.1–95.8) | (86.2–96.3) | (76.2–90.3) | (6.6–21.4) | |
8thmilk | 69.0 a | 33.4 b | 24.7 b | 14.1 a | 18.6 a | 11.3 a | 34.9 a | 17.7 b | 3.9 c |
(60.9–77.1) | (25.9–40.9) | (19.8–29.5) | (7.3–20.8) | (11.6–25.5) | (6.1–16.6) | (25.1–44.8) | (9.8–25.5) | (2.1–5.8) | |
SerumCalf | 93.7 a | 91.7 b | 89.7 b | 76.7 a | 84.4 a | 73.9 a | 86.7 a | 68.1 b | 33.9 c |
(89.3–98.2) | (87.6–95.9) | (85.3–94.1) | (68.2–85.2) | (78.3–90.6) | (64.5–83.4) | (79.8–93.5) | (57.7–78.3) | (20.8–47.2) |
Outcome Variables | Variables | Coefficient (CI 95%) |
---|---|---|
BoCV antibody response | ||
Physiological status | ||
Before vaccination-Serum0 | −7 (−14/0.10) | |
8th milking—8th Milk | −27.3 (−34/−20) | |
Vaccination group | ||
Control | −9.3 (−16.4/−2.3) | |
Vaccine B | −3.8 (−10.8/3.2) | |
Physiological status X vaccination group interaction | p = 0.009 | |
BoRV antibody response | ||
Physiological status | ||
Before vaccination—Serum0 | −3.5 (−12.3/5.4) | |
8th milking—8th Milk | −34.5 (−43.4/−25.6) | |
Vaccination group | ||
Control | −18.5 (−29.9/−7.1) | |
Vaccine B | 12.7 (1.3/24) | |
Physiological status X vaccination group interaction | p = 0.01 | |
ETEC antibody response | ||
Physiological status | ||
Before vaccination—Serum0 | −68.6 (−76.5/−60.6) | |
8th milking—8th Milk | −37.9 (−45.9/−29.9) | |
Vaccination group | ||
Control | −66.1 (−75.9/−56.5) | |
Vaccine B | −24.2 (−33.8/−14.6) | |
Physiological status X vaccination group interaction | p < 0.001 |
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Gonzalez, R.; Elvira, L.; Carbonell, C.; Vertenten, G.; Fraile, L. The Specific Immune Response after Vaccination against Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea Differs between Apparent Similar Vaccines in a Case Study. Animals 2021, 11, 1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051238
Gonzalez R, Elvira L, Carbonell C, Vertenten G, Fraile L. The Specific Immune Response after Vaccination against Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea Differs between Apparent Similar Vaccines in a Case Study. Animals. 2021; 11(5):1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051238
Chicago/Turabian StyleGonzalez, Román, Laura Elvira, Carlos Carbonell, Geert Vertenten, and Lorenzo Fraile. 2021. "The Specific Immune Response after Vaccination against Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea Differs between Apparent Similar Vaccines in a Case Study" Animals 11, no. 5: 1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051238
APA StyleGonzalez, R., Elvira, L., Carbonell, C., Vertenten, G., & Fraile, L. (2021). The Specific Immune Response after Vaccination against Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea Differs between Apparent Similar Vaccines in a Case Study. Animals, 11(5), 1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051238