Bioconversion of Digestate, Pig Manure and Vegetal Residue-Based Waste Operated by Black Soldier Fly Larvae, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Substrate | Quantity of Wet Substrate (kg) | Number of BSF Larvae | Substrate per BSF Larva (g) |
---|---|---|---|
Chicken feed (CF; reference diet) | 10.0 | 24,995 | 0.4 |
Pig manure solid (PMS) | 6.8 | 16,910 | 0.4 |
Betafert® solid (BTFS) | 10.0 | 24,892 | 0.4 |
Swill (SW) | 9.9 | 24,805 | 0.4 |
Olive pulp (OP) | 10.0 | 25,021 | 0.4 |
Pig manure liquid mixed with CF (PMLCF) | 9.7 | 24,289 | 0.4 |
Silage grass (SG) | 4.9 | 12,374 | 0.4 |
Dry Matter (%) | CF | PMS | BTFS | SW | OP | PMLCF | SG | SEM | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substrate start | 40 b | 32 d | 30 e | 28 f | 57 a | 38 c | 30 e | 0.1 | <0.001 |
Substrate end | 81 a | 62 b | 38 d | 47 c | 66 b | 83 a | 43 cd | 1.6 | <0.001 |
BSF larvae end | 33 b | 21 d | 17 e | 38 a | 27 c | 32 b | 14 e | 0.6 | <0.001 |
Parameter | CF | PMS | BTFS | SW | OP | PMLCF | SG | SEM | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Day of harvest (d) | 8 | 8 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 8 | 11 | - | - |
BSF larvae weight start (mg) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | - | - |
BSF larvae weight end (mg) | 69 b | 37 c | 18 d | 119 a | 13 d | 70 b | 19 d | 1.6 | <0.001 |
Larval growth rate (mg/d) | 7.2 b | 3.2 c | 0.6 d | 13.4 a | 0.2 d | 7.3 b | 0.7 d | 0.17 | <0.001 |
Waste Reduction Index (DM g/d) | 4.5 c | 3.0 d | 1.2 ef | 10.6 a | 0.5 f | 5.4 b | 1.9 e | 0.15 | <0.001 |
Efficiency of Conversion of Ingested substrate (g:g DM) | 0.34 abc | 0.31 abc | 0.20 cd | 0.46 a | 0.26 bcd | 0.37 ab | 0.14 d | 0.027 | <0.001 |
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Veldkamp, T.; van Rozen, K.; Elissen, H.; van Wikselaar, P.; van der Weide, R. Bioconversion of Digestate, Pig Manure and Vegetal Residue-Based Waste Operated by Black Soldier Fly Larvae, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Animals 2021, 11, 3082. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113082
Veldkamp T, van Rozen K, Elissen H, van Wikselaar P, van der Weide R. Bioconversion of Digestate, Pig Manure and Vegetal Residue-Based Waste Operated by Black Soldier Fly Larvae, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Animals. 2021; 11(11):3082. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113082
Chicago/Turabian StyleVeldkamp, Teun, Klaas van Rozen, Hellen Elissen, Piet van Wikselaar, and Rommie van der Weide. 2021. "Bioconversion of Digestate, Pig Manure and Vegetal Residue-Based Waste Operated by Black Soldier Fly Larvae, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)" Animals 11, no. 11: 3082. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113082
APA StyleVeldkamp, T., van Rozen, K., Elissen, H., van Wikselaar, P., & van der Weide, R. (2021). Bioconversion of Digestate, Pig Manure and Vegetal Residue-Based Waste Operated by Black Soldier Fly Larvae, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Animals, 11(11), 3082. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113082