Effects of Pantothenic Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Plasma Parameters of Starter White Pekin Ducks Fed a Corn–Soybean Meal Diet
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Design, Animals, and Housing
2.2. Diets
2.3. Sample Preparation and Data Collection
2.4. Measurements
2.5. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Growth Performance and Carcass Traits
3.2. Plasma Parameters
3.3. Pantothenic Acid Requirement of Ducks
4. Discussion
4.1. Growth Performance and Carcass Traits
4.2. Plasma Parameters
4.3. Pantothenic Acid Requirement of Ducks
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item | Value |
---|---|
Ingredient, g/kg | |
Corn | 636 |
Soybean | 324 |
Limestone | 8 |
Dicalcium phosphate | 16 |
Vitamin and trace mineral premix a | 10 |
Sodium chloride | 3 |
DL-Methionine | 2 |
L-Lysine·HCl | 1 |
Total | 1000 |
Calculated composition, g/kg | |
Metabolizable energy b, kcal/kg | 2900 |
Crude protein | 200.3 |
Calcium | 9.6 |
Nonphytate phosphorus | 4.2 |
Lysine | 11.1 |
Methionine | 5.1 |
Methionine + cysteine | 8.5 |
Threonine | 8.1 |
Tryptophan | 2.5 |
Arginine | 12.8 |
Pantothenic acid c, mg/kg | 8.5 |
Dietary Pantothenic Acid (mg/kg) | Body Weight (g) | ADG (g/d/Bird) | ADFI (g/d/Bird) | FCR (g/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|
8.5 | 579 c | 37.5 c | 55.2 b | 1.47 |
10.5 | 588 bc | 38.1 bc | 55.6 b | 1.46 |
12.5 | 602 ab | 39.1 ab | 57.3 ab | 1.47 |
14.5 | 601 ab | 39.0 ab | 57.0 ab | 1.46 |
16.5 | 611 a | 39.7 a | 59.2 a | 1.49 |
18.5 | 602 ab | 39.1 ab | 58.3 a | 1.49 |
SEM | 2.94 | 0.21 | 0.36 | 0.01 |
p-value | ||||
Pantothenic acid | 0.016 | 0.017 | 0.004 | 0.285 |
Pantothenic acid linear | 0.002 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.096 |
Pantothenic acid quadratic | 0.089 | 0.084 | 0.522 | 0.153 |
Dietary Pantothenic Acid (mg/kg) | Body Weight (g) | ADG (g/d/Bird) | ADFI (g/d/Bird) | FCR (g/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|
8.5 | 1155 b | 52.4 b | 91.9 b | 1.75 |
10.5 | 1158 b | 52.5 b | 91.9 b | 1.75 |
12.5 | 1180 ab | 53.6 ab | 94.0 ab | 1.75 |
14.5 | 1173 ab | 53.3 ab | 93.4 b | 1.76 |
16.5 | 1194 a | 54.3 a | 97.1 a | 1.79 |
18.5 | 1190 a | 54.1 a | 97.0 a | 1.79 |
SEM | 4.39 | 0.21 | 0.55 | 0.01 |
p-value | ||||
Pantothenic acid | 0.027 | 0.028 | 0.004 | 0.073 |
Pantothenic acid linear | 0.006 | 0.006 | <0.001 | 0.015 |
Pantothenic acid quadratic | 0.526 | 0.511 | 0.849 | 0.309 |
Dietary Pantothenic Acid (mg/kg) | Breast Meat | Leg Meat | Abdominal Fat |
---|---|---|---|
8.5 | 1.91 b | 9.86 | 0.74 |
10.5 | 2.18 a | 9.76 | 0.80 |
12.5 | 2.17 a | 10.0 | 0.85 |
14.5 | 2.09 a | 9.81 | 0.87 |
16.5 | 2.16 a | 9.96 | 0.85 |
18.5 | 2.02 ab | 9.88 | 0.78 |
SEM | 0.026 | 0.75 | 0.16 |
p-value | |||
Pantothenic acid | 0.019 | 0.937 | 0.147 |
Pantothenic acid linear | 0.446 | 0.746 | 0.213 |
Pantothenic acid quadratic | 0.004 | 0.848 | 0.016 |
Dietary Pantothenic Acid (mg/kg) | ALT (U/L) | AST (U/L) | TP (g/L) | ALB (g/L) | Glucose (mmol/L) | UA (μmol/L) | Pantothenic Acid (nmol/L) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8.5 | 34.1 | 14.8 | 17.1 | 0.98 | 8.94 c | 117 a | 500 b |
10.5 | 34.7 | 16.4 | 16.4 | 1.02 | 9.30 b | 92.5 b | 509 b |
12.5 | 34.1 | 14.3 | 16.6 | 0.98 | 9.48 ab | 92.2 b | 715 ab |
14.5 | 37.3 | 14.7 | 17.2 | 1.01 | 9.81 a | 93.4 b | 768 a |
16.5 | 41.3 | 15.0 | 16.9 | 0.99 | 9.51 ab | 98.3 b | 723 ab |
18.5 | 38.8 | 17.0 | 17.3 | 1.01 | 9.25 bc | 102 ab | 870 a |
SEM | 1.49 | 0.54 | 0.14 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 2.61 | 38.7 |
p-value | |||||||
Pantothenic acid | 0.675 | 0.637 | 0.332 | 0.397 | <0.001 | 0.046 | 0.011 |
Pantothenic acid linear | 0.129 | 0.506 | 0.225 | 0.533 | 0.020 | 0.423 | <0.001 |
Pantothenic acid quadratic | 0.932 | 0.339 | 0.230 | 0.650 | <0.001 | 0.007 | 0.653 |
Response Criterion | Regression | Requirement (mg/kg) | 95% Confidence Interval (mg/kg) | p-Value | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body weight | y = 1182 – 6.33 × (13.36 – x) | 13.36 | 9.21 to 17.50 | 0.025 | 0.848 |
ADG | y = 53.69 – 0.31 × (13.29 − x) | 13.29 | 9.25 to 17.33 | 0.025 | 0.850 |
Plasma pantothenic acid | y = 796.3 – 50.11 × (15.0 – x) | 15.0 | 11.28 to 18.73 | 0.002 | 0.840 |
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Tang, J.; Wu, Y.; Zhang, B.; Qi, Z.; Luo, D.; Hu, J.; Huang, W.; Zhou, Z.; Xie, M.; Hou, S. Effects of Pantothenic Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Plasma Parameters of Starter White Pekin Ducks Fed a Corn–Soybean Meal Diet. Animals 2021, 11, 2872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102872
Tang J, Wu Y, Zhang B, Qi Z, Luo D, Hu J, Huang W, Zhou Z, Xie M, Hou S. Effects of Pantothenic Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Plasma Parameters of Starter White Pekin Ducks Fed a Corn–Soybean Meal Diet. Animals. 2021; 11(10):2872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102872
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang, Jing, Yongbao Wu, Bo Zhang, Zhiguo Qi, Dawei Luo, Jian Hu, Wei Huang, Zhengkui Zhou, Ming Xie, and Shuisheng Hou. 2021. "Effects of Pantothenic Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Plasma Parameters of Starter White Pekin Ducks Fed a Corn–Soybean Meal Diet" Animals 11, no. 10: 2872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102872
APA StyleTang, J., Wu, Y., Zhang, B., Qi, Z., Luo, D., Hu, J., Huang, W., Zhou, Z., Xie, M., & Hou, S. (2021). Effects of Pantothenic Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Plasma Parameters of Starter White Pekin Ducks Fed a Corn–Soybean Meal Diet. Animals, 11(10), 2872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102872