Effect of Corn Particle Size on the Particle Size of Intestinal Digesta or Feces and Nutrient Digestibility of Corn–Soybean Meal Diets for Growing Pigs
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Design, Animals, Housing, and Diets
2.2. Feeding and Sample Collection
2.3. Determination of Particle Size, Digestive Enzyme Activities and Digestibility
2.4. Chemical Analysis for Diet, Feces, and Residue
2.5. Calculations and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Particle Size of Corn, Diets, Digesta, and Feces
3.2. Digestive Enzyme Activity in Duodenal Fluid and ATTD of Nutrients in Diets
3.3. In Vitro Digestibility of DM, GE, and IVDE in Corn and Diets
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Items | Diet 1 | Diet 2 |
---|---|---|
Ingredients, (g/kg) | ||
Corn 1 (ground pass through 1 mm sieve) | 666.9 | - |
Corn 2 (ground pass through 2 mm sieve) | - | 666.9 |
Soybean meal (ground pass through 1.5 mm sieve) | 222.0 | 222.0 |
Soybean oil | 11.8 | 11.8 |
Wheat flour | 50.0 | 50.0 |
Limestone | 7.5 | 7.5 |
Dicalcium phosphate | 13.4 | 13.4 |
Sodium chloride | 3.7 | 3.7 |
L-lysine sulfate | 8.6 | 8.6 |
Choline chloride | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Tryptophan | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Threonine | 2.3 | 2.3 |
Methionine | 2.3 | 2.3 |
Fungicide | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Vitamin and mineral premix a | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Analyzed nutrient contents b | ||
GE, kcal/kg | 3981 | 3979 |
DM, % | 89.1 | 89.1 |
CP, % | 17.3 | 17.1 |
EE, % | 3.7 | 3.9 |
ADF, % | 3.3 | 3.0 |
NDF, % | 11.9 | 11.2 |
Item | Proportion of Particle Size Classes, % | MPS b, µm | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1–2 mm | 0.5–1 mm | 0.25–0.5 mm | 0.106–0.25 mm | 0.072–0.106 mm | <0.072 mm | ||
Corn | |||||||
1 | 0.86 | 27.40 | 28.33 | 15.32 | 4.79 | 23.30 | 365 |
2 | 28.23 | 23.73 | 13.65 | 10.40 | 3.48 | 20.51 | 682 |
Diet | |||||||
1 | 7.17 | 17.57 | 30.21 | 13.52 | 3.19 | 28.33 | 390 |
2 | 13.28 | 27.98 | 19.68 | 8.94 | 2.98 | 27.14 | 511 |
Item | Proportion of Particle Size Classes, % | MPS, µm | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1–2 mm | 0.5–1 mm | 0.25–0.5 mm | 0.106–0.25 mm | 0.072–0.106 mm | <0.072 mm | ||
Duodenal digesta | |||||||
Diet 1 (n = 6) a | 1.30 | 6.58 | 18.33 | 10.31 | 3.51 | 59.98 | 181 |
Diet 2 (n = 6) a | 5.68 | 15.51 | 13.56 | 6.54 | 2.74 | 55.96 | 287 |
SEM | 0.18 | 0.47 | 0.91 | 0.63 | 0.23 | 1.51 | 5 |
p-value | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.04 | <0.01 |
Ileal digesta | |||||||
Diet 1 (n = 6) a | 1.88 | 12.28 | 23.85 | 12.90 | 5.28 | 43.82 | 253 |
Diet 2 (n = 5) a | 5.35 | 20.26 | 16.85 | 8.95 | 3.84 | 44.77 | 331 |
SEM | 0.08 | 0.39 | 0.70 | 0.49 | 0.26 | 1.74 | 6 |
p-value | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.60 | <0.01 |
Feces | |||||||
Diet 1 (n = 11) a | 1.09 | 8.05 | 21.42 | 8.07 | 2.72 | 58.65 | 195 |
Diet 2 (n = 11) a | 6.23 | 15.94 | 12.93 | 5.10 | 2.07 | 57.73 | 293 |
SEM | 0.27 | 0.43 | 0.53 | 0.38 | 0.14 | 1.23 | 7 |
p-value | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.46 | <0.01 |
Item | Diet 1 | Diet 2 | SEM | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Digestive enzyme activity of duodenal fluid, U/mL | ||||
Amylase | 147.7 | 137.6 | 33.5 | 0.77 |
Trypsin | 43.6 | 46.0 | 5.8 | 0.68 |
Chymotrypsin | 4.7 | 7.2 | 1.2 | 0.07 |
Apparent digestibility of nutrients, % b | ||||
ATTD of DM | 88.6 | 88.2 | 0.4 | 0.26 |
ATTD of CP, % | 86.6 | 86.4 | 0.3 | 0.55 |
ATTD of EE, % | 84.6 | 83.7 | 0.8 | 0.31 |
ATTD of NDF, % | 60.3 | 57.9 | 1.9 | 0.24 |
ATTD of ADF, % | 54.7 | 59.5 | 3.0 | 0.15 |
ATTD of GE, % | 88.8 | 88.5 | 0.4 | 0.43 |
DE, kcal/kg | 3970 | 3953 | 18 | 0.38 |
Item | Digestibility of DM, % | Digestibility of GE, % | IVDE, kcal/kg |
---|---|---|---|
Corn | |||
1-mm sieve | 82.5 | 82.7 | 3706 |
2-mm sieve | 82.3 | 81.5 | 3641 |
SEM | 0.4 | 0.5 | 23 |
p-value | 0.52 | 0.07 | 0.03 |
Diet | |||
Diet 1 | 81.5 | 81.0 | 3574 |
Diet 2 | 81.2 | 80.6 | 3561 |
SEM | 0.4 | 0.4 | 17 |
p-value | 0.45 | 0.32 | 0.47 |
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Gao, Q.; Zhao, F.; Dang, F.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Y. Effect of Corn Particle Size on the Particle Size of Intestinal Digesta or Feces and Nutrient Digestibility of Corn–Soybean Meal Diets for Growing Pigs. Animals 2020, 10, 876. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10050876
Gao Q, Zhao F, Dang F, Zhang H, Wang Y. Effect of Corn Particle Size on the Particle Size of Intestinal Digesta or Feces and Nutrient Digestibility of Corn–Soybean Meal Diets for Growing Pigs. Animals. 2020; 10(5):876. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10050876
Chicago/Turabian StyleGao, Qingtao, Feng Zhao, Fangkun Dang, Hu Zhang, and Ya Wang. 2020. "Effect of Corn Particle Size on the Particle Size of Intestinal Digesta or Feces and Nutrient Digestibility of Corn–Soybean Meal Diets for Growing Pigs" Animals 10, no. 5: 876. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10050876
APA StyleGao, Q., Zhao, F., Dang, F., Zhang, H., & Wang, Y. (2020). Effect of Corn Particle Size on the Particle Size of Intestinal Digesta or Feces and Nutrient Digestibility of Corn–Soybean Meal Diets for Growing Pigs. Animals, 10(5), 876. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10050876