Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial Endophytes and Plant Growth Promotion In Vitro and in Greenhouse
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Isolation of Bacterial Endophytes
2.2. Screening Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria by Quantifying Soluble P in Medium
2.3. Acid Phosphatase and Phytase Activity Assays
2.4. Other Plant Growth Promoting Traits of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria
2.4.1. Auxin Quantification
2.4.2. ACC Deaminase Activity Screening
2.4.3. Siderophore Assay
2.4.4. N Fixation Screening
2.5. Identification of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Phylogenetic Tree Construction
2.6. pH Measurement and Gluconic Acid Quantification
2.7. Plant Growth Promotion In Vitro
2.8. Plant Growth Promotion in Greenhouse
2.9. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Identification of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Phylogenetic Tree
3.2. Phosphate Solubilizing Ability of Bacteria
3.3. Activities of Acid Phosphatase and Phytase of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria
3.4. Other Plant Growth Promoting Traits of the Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria
3.5. pH Changes and Gluconic Acid Production
3.6. Plant Growth Promotion In Vitro
3.7. Growth Promotion by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria in Greenhouse Experiments
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Strains | Species | Accession Number | Tissues | Plants |
---|---|---|---|---|
IALR611 | Pantoea vagans | MZ519966 | Shoot | Taraxacum officinale |
IALR632 | Pseudomonas psychrotolerans | MZ519967 | Leaf | Sorghum halepense |
IALR1033 | Bacillus subtilis | MZ519968 | Leaf | Ambrosia trifida |
IALR1035 | Bacillus sufensis | MZ519969 | Leaf | Viola sororia |
IALR1325 | Pantoea agglomerans | MZ519970 | Seed | Festuca arundinacea |
Phosphate Compounds | Pantoea vagans IALR611 | Pseudomonas psychrotolerans IALR632 | Bacillus subtilis IALR1033 | Bacillus safensis IALR1035 | Pantoea agglomerans IALR1325 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ca3(PO4)2 | 284.5 ± 10.7 1 | 289.3 ± 23.7 | 349.7 ± 23.1 | 274.6 ± 15.2 | 372.8 ± 11.9 |
Ca5(PO4)3OH | 118.2 ± 21.7 | 126.0 ± 5.5 | 105.2 ± 16.9 | 118.0 ± 14.4 | 146.2 ± 13.1 |
AlPO4 | 4.6 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 6.0 ± 0.8 | 4.3 ± 1.3 | 9.1 ± 0.3 |
FePO4 | 7.8 ± 0.1 | 6.5 ± 0.4 | 8.3 ± 0.1 | 8.1 ± 0.1 | 9.2 ± 0.4 |
Enzyme Specific Activities | Pantoea vagans IALR611 | Pseudomonas psychrotolerans IALR632 | Bacillus subtilis IALR1033 | Bacillus safensis IALR1035 | Pantoea agglomerans IALR1325 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acidphosphatase | 152.0 ± 7.1 | 721.9 ± 8.8 | 195.7 ± 3.9 | 198.8 ± 14.4 | 369.4 ± 16.3 |
Phytase | 139.6 ± 21.9 | 64.7 ± 18.2 | 113.1 ± 27.4 | 211.3 ± 45.7 | 138.2 ± 29.1 |
Plant Growth Promoting Traits | Pantoea vagans IALR611 | Pseudomonas psychrotolerans IALR632 | Bacillus subtilis IALR1033 | Bacillus safensis IALR1035 | Pantoea agglomerans IALR1325 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Auxins (µg/mL) | 106.3 ± 10.5 | 13.4 ± 1.8 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 0 | 87.3 ± 6.3 |
N Fixation | + | + | − | − | + |
ACC deaminase | ++ | ++ | + | − | − |
Siderophore (%) | 89 ± 1.6 | 97 ± 0.5 | 58 ± 2.2 | 50 ± 9.9 | 66 ± 5.5 |
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Mei, C.; Chretien, R.L.; Amaradasa, B.S.; He, Y.; Turner, A.; Lowman, S. Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial Endophytes and Plant Growth Promotion In Vitro and in Greenhouse. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091935
Mei C, Chretien RL, Amaradasa BS, He Y, Turner A, Lowman S. Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial Endophytes and Plant Growth Promotion In Vitro and in Greenhouse. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(9):1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091935
Chicago/Turabian StyleMei, Chuansheng, Robert L. Chretien, B. Sajeewa Amaradasa, Yimeng He, Amy Turner, and Scott Lowman. 2021. "Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial Endophytes and Plant Growth Promotion In Vitro and in Greenhouse" Microorganisms 9, no. 9: 1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091935