Geminiviral Triggers and Suppressors of Plant Antiviral Immunity

Teixeira, Ruan M.; Ferreira, Marco Aurélio; Raimundo, Gabriel A. S.; Fontes, Elizabeth P. B.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9040775

Open AccessReview

Geminiviral Triggers and Suppressors of Plant Antiviral Immunity

by

Ruan M. Teixeira

,

Marco Aurélio Ferreira

,

Gabriel A. S. Raimundo

and

Elizabeth P. B. Fontes

^*

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BIOAGRO, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36571.000, MG, Brazil

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Microorganisms 2021, 9(4), 775; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040775

Submission received: 2 March 2021 / Revised: 26 March 2021 / Accepted: 26 March 2021 / Published: 8 April 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Viruses: From Ecology to Control)

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Abstract

Geminiviruses are circular single-stranded DNA plant viruses encapsidated into geminate virion particles, which infect many crops and vegetables and, hence, represent significant agricultural constraints worldwide. To maintain their broad-range host spectrum and establish productive infection, the geminiviruses must circumvent a potent plant antiviral immune system, which consists of a multilayered perception system represented by RNA interference sensors and effectors, pattern recognition receptors (PRR), and resistance (R) proteins. This recognition system leads to the activation of conserved defense responses that protect plants against different co-existing viral and nonviral pathogens in nature. Furthermore, a specific antiviral cell surface receptor signaling is activated at the onset of geminivirus infection to suppress global translation. This review highlighted these layers of virus perception and host defenses and the mechanisms developed by geminiviruses to overcome the plant antiviral immunity mechanisms.

Keywords: PAMP-triggered immunity; effector-triggered immunity; RNA silencing; viral suppressors; NIK1; PTI; ETI; geminiviruses

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MDPI and ACS Style

Teixeira, R.M.; Ferreira, M.A.; Raimundo, G.A.S.; Fontes, E.P.B. Geminiviral Triggers and Suppressors of Plant Antiviral Immunity. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 775. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040775

AMA Style

Teixeira RM, Ferreira MA, Raimundo GAS, Fontes EPB. Geminiviral Triggers and Suppressors of Plant Antiviral Immunity. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(4):775. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040775

Chicago/Turabian Style

Teixeira, Ruan M., Marco Aurélio Ferreira, Gabriel A. S. Raimundo, and Elizabeth P. B. Fontes. 2021. "Geminiviral Triggers and Suppressors of Plant Antiviral Immunity" Microorganisms 9, no. 4: 775. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040775

APA Style

Teixeira, R. M., Ferreira, M. A., Raimundo, G. A. S., & Fontes, E. P. B. (2021). Geminiviral Triggers and Suppressors of Plant Antiviral Immunity. Microorganisms, 9(4), 775. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040775

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Geminiviral Triggers and Suppressors of Plant Antiviral Immunity

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