Novel and Conventional Isolation Techniques to Obtain Planctomycetes from Marine Environments
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sampling and Isolation
2.2. Phylogenetic Inference of Isolates
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Macroalgae as Source for Planctomycetes
3.2. Isolation of Planctomycetes from the Sea Water Column and Marine Invertebrates and Sediments
3.3. iChip Based In-Situ Culturing System for the Isolation of Planctomycetes from Marine Sediments
3.4. Ecology of the Isolated Planctomycetal Species
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Date | Source | Media | Antibiotic Treatment | Methodology | Location | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
October 2018 | Chondrus crispus | 1:10 M13, M13 and ASM | Ampicillin+ streptomycin or none | Pieces of the thallus/ biofilm from the macroalgae surface | Traditional | Luz beach |
Ulva sp. | ||||||
Porphyra dioica | ||||||
Fucus sp. | ||||||
Sea water | Water filtration (0.22 µm pore) | |||||
March 2020 | Actinia equina | M14 and M13+ NAG | Ampicillin+ streptomycin or vancomycin or imipenem or ciprofloxacin | Body maceration | Traditional | Memória beach |
Mytilus edulis | Biofilm of the shell | |||||
Sediments | Enrichment in liquid medium | |||||
Sea water | Water filtration (0.22 µm pore) | |||||
October 2020 | Mytilus edulis | M13 and NAGM | Ampicillin+ streptomycin | Biofilm of the shell | Traditional | Memória beach |
Ulva sp. | Pieces of the thallus/ biofilm from the macroalgae surface | |||||
Codium sp. | ||||||
Porphyra dioica | ||||||
Corallina sp. | ||||||
Sea water | Water filtration (0.22 µm pore) | |||||
Actinia equina | Body maceration | |||||
Sediments | M13+ NAG | Enrichment in liquid medium | ||||
Sediments | Natural medium | In-situ iChip based culturing system | Novel |
Reagents | Units per Liter | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M13 Medium a | 1:10 M13 Medium | Ammonium Sulfate Medium (ASM) | N-acetylglucosamine Medium (NAGM) | M14 Medium a | M13+ NAG Medium | |
Peptone | 0.25 g | 0.025 g | - | - | 1 g | 0.25 g |
Yeast extract | 0.25 g | 0.025 g | - | - | 1 g | 0.25 g |
0.1 mM HCl-Tris buffer, pH 7.5 | 50 mL | 50 mL | 50 mL | 50 mL | 50 mL | 50 mL |
Natural sea water filtrated trough a 0.22µm filter | 900 mL | 909 mL | 900 mL | 880 mL | 880 mL | 900 mL |
Deionized water | 10 mL | 10 mL | 10 mL | - | - | 10 mL |
Glucose solution in deionized water (2.5%) 1 | 10 mL | 1 mL | 10 mL | - | 40 mL | - |
Vitamins solution 1,2 | 10 mL | 10 mL | 10 mL | 10 mL | 10 mL | 10 mL |
Hutner’s solution 1,3 | 20 mL | 20 mL | 20 mL | 20 mL | 20 mL | 20 mL |
Ammonium sulfate (NH4SO4) | - | - | 10 g | - | - | - |
N-acetylglucosamine solution in deionized water (5%) 1 | - | - | - | 40 mL | - | 10 mL |
Isolate Designation | Beach of Sampling | Date of Sampling In-Situ | Source * | Medium of Isolation ** | 16S rRNA Gene Similarity with the Closest Species Type Strain |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LzU2 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® + Ant | 99.4% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU3 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® + Ant | 99.8% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU6 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® + Ant | 99.8 % Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU8 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® + Ant | 99.8% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU9 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® + Ant | 99.8% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU15 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® | 100.0% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU16 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® | 99.4% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU18 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® | 100.0% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU19 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® | 99.8% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU20 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | ASM + Pevaril® | 100.0% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU21 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | ASM + Pevaril® | 99.7% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU22 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | ASM + Pevaril® | 99.8% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU23 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | ASM + Pevaril® | 99.7% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU24 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | ASM + Pevaril® | 99.9% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU25 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | ASM + Pevaril® | 99.9% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU27 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | ASM + Pevaril® | 99.7% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzU29 | Luz | 10/2018 | P.Ulv | ASM + Pevaril® | 99.6% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzP3 | Luz | 10/2018 | P. Por | ASM + Pevaril® | 99.6% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzP6 | Luz | 10/2018 | P. Por | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® + Ant | 99.2% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzP7 | Luz | 10/2018 | P. Por | 1:10 M13+ Pevaril® + Ant | 99.5% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzP8 | Luz | 10/2018 | P. Por | 1:10 M13+Pevaril® + Ant | 99.2% Rhodopirellula baltica |
LzF4 | Luz | 10/2018 | P. Fuc | ASM + Pevaril® | 100.0% Rhodopirellula lusitana |
LzA1 | Luz | 10/2018 | Sea water | M13+ Pevaril® + Ant | 99.5% Novipirellula caenicola |
LzC1 | Luz | 10/2018 | SC.Cho | M13+ Pevaril® + Ant | 100.0% Alienimonas chondri |
LzC2 | Luz | 10/2018 | SC.Cho | M13+ Pevaril® | 100.0% Alienimonas chondri |
PMO112_11.1 | Memória | 03/2020 | SC.Myt | M14+ Pevaril® + Van | 100.0% Rubinisphaera brasiliensis |
PMO137_2 | Memória | 03/2020 | Sediments | M13+NAG+ Pevaril® + Van | 99.9% Novipirellula rosea |
PMO137_6 | Memória | 03/2020 | Sediments | M13+NAG+ Pevaril® + Van | 99.9% Novipirellula rosea |
PMO137_9 | Memória | 03/2020 | Sediments | M13+NAG+ Pevaril® + Van | 99.9% Novipirellula rosea |
PMO137_10 | Memória | 03/2020 | Sediments | M13+NAG+ Pevaril® + Van | 99.9% Novipirellula rosea |
PMO137_3 | Memória | 03/2020 | Sediments | M13+NAG+ Pevaril® + Van | 99.9% Gimesia chilikensis |
MEMO3_6 | Memória | 10/2020 | SC.Myt | M13+ cycloheximide + Ant | 99.8 % Rhodopirellula baltica |
MEMO3_5 | Memória | 10/2020 | SC.Myt | M13+ cycloheximide + Ant | 100.0% Rhodopirellula baltica |
MEMO3_5.2 | Memória | 10/2020 | SC.Myt | M13+ cycloheximide + Ant | 99.9% Rhodopirellula baltica |
MEMO3_10.2 | Memória | 10/2020 | SC.Myt | M13+ cycloheximide + Ant | 99.9% Rhodopirellula baltica |
MEMO17_8 | Memória | 10/2020 | P.Ulv | NAGM + cycloheximide + Ant | 99.7% Novipirellula caenicola |
MEMO_26.1 | Memória | 10/2020 | Sc.Cor | NAGM + cycloheximide + Ant | 99.9% Rhodopirellula baltica |
ICM_H5 | Memória | 10/2020 | Sediments from iChip | Natural medium + cycloheximide + Ant | 99.7 % Novipirellula caenicola |
ICM_G4 | Memória | 10/2020 | Sediments from iChip | Natural medium + cycloheximide + Ant | 99.7 % Novipirellula caenicola |
ICM_H10 | Memória | 10/2020 | Sediments from iChip | Natural medium + cycloheximide + Ant | 96.7% Rubinisphaera italica |
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Vitorino, I.; Santos, J.D.N.; Godinho, O.; Vicente, F.; Vasconcelos, V.; Lage, O.M. Novel and Conventional Isolation Techniques to Obtain Planctomycetes from Marine Environments. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 2078. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102078
Vitorino I, Santos JDN, Godinho O, Vicente F, Vasconcelos V, Lage OM. Novel and Conventional Isolation Techniques to Obtain Planctomycetes from Marine Environments. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(10):2078. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102078
Chicago/Turabian StyleVitorino, Inês, José Diogo Neves Santos, Ofélia Godinho, Francisca Vicente, Vítor Vasconcelos, and Olga Maria Lage. 2021. "Novel and Conventional Isolation Techniques to Obtain Planctomycetes from Marine Environments" Microorganisms 9, no. 10: 2078. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102078