Correction published on 30 July 2020,
see
Microorganisms 2020, 8(8), 1153.
Molecular Identification and Characterization of Vibrio Species and Mycobacterium Species in Wild and Cultured Marine Fish from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea
by
Yael Regev 1,2, 
Nadav Davidovich 3
, Ran Berzak 1,2, Stanley C. K. Lau 4, Aviad P. Scheinin 1,2, Dan Tchernov 1,2 and Danny Morick 1,2,*
Yael Regev 1,2, Nadav Davidovich 3, Ran Berzak 1,2, Stanley C. K. Lau 4, Aviad P. Scheinin 1,2, Dan Tchernov 1,2 and Danny Morick 1,2,*
1
Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
2
Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
3
Israeli Veterinary Services, Bet Dagan 5025001, Israel
4
Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2020, 8(6), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060863
Received: 16 April 2020 / Revised: 3 June 2020 / Accepted: 4 June 2020 / Published: 7 June 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Farm Animal and Wildlife Zoonotic Microorganisms)
In contrast to numerous documented pathogens and infectious diseases of aquaculture, there is a lack of baseline data and information regarding pathogenic agents’ prevalence in wild marine fish populations. This study focused on two common fish pathogenic microorganisms, namely Mycobacterium species and Vibrio species, both of which are known to be major causes of fish loss, occasionally to the extent of being a limiting factor in fish production. Both microorganisms are known as zoonotic agents. In total, 210 wild marine indigenous and Lessepsian fish from four different species from the eastern Mediterranean Sea were sampled and tested for Vibrio species and Mycobacterium species during a two-year period (2016–2017). Using PCR with 16S rRNA primers, we detected different strain variations of Mycobacterium species and Vibrio species and, based on the sequencing results, the overall prevalence for Vibrio species in wild fish in 2016 was significantly higher compared to 2017. No significant difference was detected for Mycobacterium species prevalence in wild fish between 2016 and 2017. In addition, 72 gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) from an Israeli offshore marine farm were also examined during the two-year period (2017–2018). The results suggest that Mycobacterium species prevalence was significantly higher in 2018, while in 2017 there was no positive results for Mycobacterium species. In addition, there was no significant difference between both years in regard to the prevalence of Vibrio species for maricultured fish. These results highlight the necessity of continuous molecular monitoring in order to evaluate the prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms in both wild and cultured fish populations.
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Keywords:
Vibrio; Mycobacterium; zoonotic microorganisms; Mediterranean Sea; wild fish; farmed fish
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MDPI and ACS Style
Regev, Y.; Davidovich, N.; Berzak, R.; Lau, S.C.K.; Scheinin, A.P.; Tchernov, D.; Morick, D. Molecular Identification and Characterization of Vibrio Species and Mycobacterium Species in Wild and Cultured Marine Fish from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 863.
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