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Microorganisms
Volume 12
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10.3390/microorganisms12071429
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Article

Magnesium Oxide Reduces Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice by Inhibiting Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria

by
Cristina N. Coffman
1,2,
Amanda Carroll-Portillo
2,3,
Joe Alcock
4,
Sudha B. Singh
1,2,
Kellin Rumsey
5,
Cody A. Braun
1,2,
Bingye Xue
1,2 and
Henry C. Lin
2,3,*
1
Biomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
2
New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
3
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
4
Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
5
Statistical Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2024, 12(7), 1429; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071429
Submission received: 19 June 2024 / Revised: 10 July 2024 / Accepted: 12 July 2024 / Published: 14 July 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Gut Microbiota on Human Health and Disease)
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Abstract

The gut microbiota–brain axis allows for bidirectional communication between the microbes in our gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system. Psychological stress has been known to disrupt the gut microbiome (dysbiosis) leading to anxiety-like behavior. Pathogens administered into the gut have been reported to cause anxiety. Whether commensal bacteria affect the gut–brain axis is not well understood. In this study, we examined the impact of a commensal sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and its metabolite, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), on anxiety-like behavior. We found that mice gavaged with SRB had increased anxiety-like behavior as measured by the open field test. We also tested the effects of magnesium oxide (MgO) on SRB growth both in vitro and in vivo using a water avoidance stress (WAS) model. We found that MgO inhibited SRB growth and H2S production in a dose-dependent fashion. Mice that underwent psychological stress using the WAS model were observed to have an overgrowth (bloom) of SRB (Deferribacterota) and increased anxiety-like behavior. However, WAS-induced overgrowth of SRB and anxiety-like behavioral effects were attenuated in animals fed a MgO-enriched diet. These findings supported a potential MgO-reversible relationship between WAS-induced SRB blooms and anxiety-like behavior.
Keywords: sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB); Desulfovibrio; Deferribacterota; dysbiosis; hydrogen sulfide (H2S) sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB); Desulfovibrio; Deferribacterota; dysbiosis; hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Coffman, C.N.; Carroll-Portillo, A.; Alcock, J.; Singh, S.B.; Rumsey, K.; Braun, C.A.; Xue, B.; Lin, H.C. Magnesium Oxide Reduces Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice by Inhibiting Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 1429. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071429

AMA Style

Coffman CN, Carroll-Portillo A, Alcock J, Singh SB, Rumsey K, Braun CA, Xue B, Lin HC. Magnesium Oxide Reduces Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice by Inhibiting Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria. Microorganisms. 2024; 12(7):1429. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071429

Chicago/Turabian Style

Coffman, Cristina N., Amanda Carroll-Portillo, Joe Alcock, Sudha B. Singh, Kellin Rumsey, Cody A. Braun, Bingye Xue, and Henry C. Lin. 2024. "Magnesium Oxide Reduces Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice by Inhibiting Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria" Microorganisms 12, no. 7: 1429. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071429

APA Style

Coffman, C. N., Carroll-Portillo, A., Alcock, J., Singh, S. B., Rumsey, K., Braun, C. A., Xue, B., & Lin, H. C. (2024). Magnesium Oxide Reduces Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice by Inhibiting Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria. Microorganisms, 12(7), 1429. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071429

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