Seasonality in Synergism with Multi-Pathogen Presence Leads to Mass Mortalities of the Highly Endangered Pinna nobilis in Greek Coastlines: A Pathophysiological Approach
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animal Sampling
2.2. Pathogen’s Molecular Detection
2.3. SDS-Page/Immonoblot
2.4. Dot Blot Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Temperature
3.2. Pathogen’s DNA Identification
3.3. Heat Shock Response
3.4. Apoptosis
3.5. Autophagy
3.6. Inflammation
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Lesvos Island Samples | Mycobacterium spp. | H. pinnae | Fthiotis Samples | Mycobacterium spp. | H. pinnae |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Feb S1 | + | - | Feb S1 | + | + |
Feb S2 | + | - | Feb S2 | + | + |
Feb S3 | + | - | Feb S3 | + | + |
Feb S4 | + | - | Feb S4 | + | + |
Feb S5 | + | - | Feb S5 | + | + |
Apr S1 | + | - | Apr S1 | + | + |
Apr S2 | + | - | Apr S2 | + | + |
Apr S3 | + | - | Apr S3 | + | + |
Apr S4 | + | - | Apr S4 | + | + |
Apr S5 | + | - | Apr S5 | + | + |
Jun S1 | + | - | Jun S1 | + | + |
Jun S2 | + | - | Jun S2 | + | + |
Jun S3 | + | - | Jun S3 | + | + |
Jun S4 | + | - | Jun S4 | + | + |
Jun S5 | + | - | Jun S5 | + | + |
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Lattos, A.; Feidantsis, K.; Giantsis, I.A.; Theodorou, J.A.; Michaelidis, B. Seasonality in Synergism with Multi-Pathogen Presence Leads to Mass Mortalities of the Highly Endangered Pinna nobilis in Greek Coastlines: A Pathophysiological Approach. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 1117. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051117
Lattos A, Feidantsis K, Giantsis IA, Theodorou JA, Michaelidis B. Seasonality in Synergism with Multi-Pathogen Presence Leads to Mass Mortalities of the Highly Endangered Pinna nobilis in Greek Coastlines: A Pathophysiological Approach. Microorganisms. 2023; 11(5):1117. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051117
Chicago/Turabian StyleLattos, Athanasios, Konstantinos Feidantsis, Ioannis A. Giantsis, John A. Theodorou, and Basile Michaelidis. 2023. "Seasonality in Synergism with Multi-Pathogen Presence Leads to Mass Mortalities of the Highly Endangered Pinna nobilis in Greek Coastlines: A Pathophysiological Approach" Microorganisms 11, no. 5: 1117. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051117