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Microorganisms
Volume 11
Issue 1
10.3390/microorganisms11010058
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Article

Characterization of Five Psychrotolerant Alcanivorax spp. Strains Isolated from Antarctica

by
Simone Cappello
1,†,
Ilaria Corsi
2,†,
Sabrina Patania
3,
Elisa Bergami
4,
Maurizio Azzaro
5,
Monique Mancuso
1,
Maria Genovese
1,
Alessia Lunetta
1 and
Gabriella Caruso
5,*
1
Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies, National Research Council (CNR-IRBIM), 98122 Messina, Italy
2
Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
3
PhD School in “Applied Biology and Experimental Medicine”, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
4
Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
5
Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), 98122 Messina, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Microorganisms 2023, 11(1), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11010058
Submission received: 16 November 2022 / Revised: 17 December 2022 / Accepted: 21 December 2022 / Published: 24 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Microbes in the Remediation of Harmful Pollutants in Contaminated Ecosystems)
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Abstract

Five psychrotolerant Alcanivorax spp. strains were isolated from Antarctic coastal waters. Strains were screened for molecular and physiological properties and analyzed regarding their growth capacity. Partial 16S rDNA, alk-B1, and P450 gene sequencing was performed. Biolog EcoPlates and the API 20E test were used to evaluate metabolic and biochemical profiles. Bacterial growth in sodium acetate was determined at 4, 15, 20, and 25 °C to evaluate the optimal temperature. Furthermore, the ability of each strain to grow in a hydrocarbon mixture at 4 and 25 °C was assayed. Biosurfactant production tests (drop-collapse and oil spreading) and emulsification activity tests (E24) were also performed. Concerning results of partial gene sequencing (16S rDNA, alk-B1, and P450), a high similarity of the isolates with the same genes isolated from other Alcanivorax spp. strains was observed. The metabolic profiles obtained by Biolog assays showed no significant differences in the isolates compared to the Alcanivorax borkumensis wild type. The results of biodegradative tests showed their capability to grow at different temperatures. All strains showed biosurfactant production and emulsification activity. Our findings underline the importance to proceed in the isolation and characterization of Antarctic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial strains since their biotechnological and environmental applications could be useful even for pollution remediation in polar areas.
Keywords: Alcanivorax spp.; Antarctica; molecular analyses; physiological analyses; biodegradation Alcanivorax spp.; Antarctica; molecular analyses; physiological analyses; biodegradation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cappello, S.; Corsi, I.; Patania, S.; Bergami, E.; Azzaro, M.; Mancuso, M.; Genovese, M.; Lunetta, A.; Caruso, G. Characterization of Five Psychrotolerant Alcanivorax spp. Strains Isolated from Antarctica. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11010058

AMA Style

Cappello S, Corsi I, Patania S, Bergami E, Azzaro M, Mancuso M, Genovese M, Lunetta A, Caruso G. Characterization of Five Psychrotolerant Alcanivorax spp. Strains Isolated from Antarctica. Microorganisms. 2023; 11(1):58. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11010058

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cappello, Simone, Ilaria Corsi, Sabrina Patania, Elisa Bergami, Maurizio Azzaro, Monique Mancuso, Maria Genovese, Alessia Lunetta, and Gabriella Caruso. 2023. "Characterization of Five Psychrotolerant Alcanivorax spp. Strains Isolated from Antarctica" Microorganisms 11, no. 1: 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11010058

APA Style

Cappello, S., Corsi, I., Patania, S., Bergami, E., Azzaro, M., Mancuso, M., Genovese, M., Lunetta, A., & Caruso, G. (2023). Characterization of Five Psychrotolerant Alcanivorax spp. Strains Isolated from Antarctica. Microorganisms, 11(1), 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11010058

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