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10.3390/microorganisms10050939
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Article

Endosymbiotic Bacterial Diversity of Corn Leaf Aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Associated with Maize Management Systems

by
Artúr Botond Csorba
1,
Ciprian George Fora
2,*,
János Bálint
1,
Tamás Felföldi
3,
Attila Szabó
4,
István Máthé
5,
Hugh D. Loxdale
6,
Endre Kentelky
1,
Imre-István Nyárádi
1,* and
Adalbert Balog
1,*
1
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Aleea Sighișoarei 2, 540485 Târgu Mureș, Romania
2
Faculty of Horticulture and Forestry, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine King Michael I of Romania from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania
3
Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
4
Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart 756-51 Hjelms Väg 9, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
5
Department of Bioengineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Piaţa Libertăţii 1, 530104 Miercurea Ciuc, Romania
6
School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AX, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2022, 10(5), 939; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050939
Submission received: 18 March 2022 / Revised: 26 April 2022 / Accepted: 27 April 2022 / Published: 30 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota in Insects)
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Abstract

In this study, different maize fields cultivated under different management systems were sampled to test corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis, populations in terms of total and endosymbiotic bacterial diversity. Corn leaf aphid natural populations were collected from traditionally managed maize fields grown under high agricultural and natural landscape diversity as well as conventionally treated high-input agricultural fields grown in monoculture and with fertilizers use, hence with low natural landscape diversity. Total bacterial community assessment by DNA sequencing was performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform. In total, 365 bacterial genera were identified and 6 endosymbiont taxa. A high abundance of the primary endosymbiont Buchnera and secondary symbionts Serratia and Wolbachia were detected in all maize crops. Their frequency was found to be correlated with the maize management system used, probably with fertilizer input. Three other facultative endosymbionts (“Candidatus Hamiltonella”, an uncultured Rickettsiales genus, and Spiroplasma) were also recorded at different frequencies under the two management regimes. Principal components analyses revealed that the relative contribution of the obligate and dominant symbiont Buchnera to the aphid endosymbiotic bacterial community was 72%, whereas for the managed system this was only 16.3%. When facultative symbionts alone were considered, the effect of management system revealed a DNA diversity of 23.3%.
Keywords: monoculture; large-scale crops; total bacterial diversity; primary symbionts; secondary symbionts; amplicon sequencing; 16S rRNA gene monoculture; large-scale crops; total bacterial diversity; primary symbionts; secondary symbionts; amplicon sequencing; 16S rRNA gene

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MDPI and ACS Style

Csorba, A.B.; Fora, C.G.; Bálint, J.; Felföldi, T.; Szabó, A.; Máthé, I.; Loxdale, H.D.; Kentelky, E.; Nyárádi, I.-I.; Balog, A. Endosymbiotic Bacterial Diversity of Corn Leaf Aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Associated with Maize Management Systems. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 939. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050939

AMA Style

Csorba AB, Fora CG, Bálint J, Felföldi T, Szabó A, Máthé I, Loxdale HD, Kentelky E, Nyárádi I-I, Balog A. Endosymbiotic Bacterial Diversity of Corn Leaf Aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Associated with Maize Management Systems. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(5):939. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050939

Chicago/Turabian Style

Csorba, Artúr Botond, Ciprian George Fora, János Bálint, Tamás Felföldi, Attila Szabó, István Máthé, Hugh D. Loxdale, Endre Kentelky, Imre-István Nyárádi, and Adalbert Balog. 2022. "Endosymbiotic Bacterial Diversity of Corn Leaf Aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Associated with Maize Management Systems" Microorganisms 10, no. 5: 939. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050939

APA Style

Csorba, A. B., Fora, C. G., Bálint, J., Felföldi, T., Szabó, A., Máthé, I., Loxdale, H. D., Kentelky, E., Nyárádi, I.-I., & Balog, A. (2022). Endosymbiotic Bacterial Diversity of Corn Leaf Aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Associated with Maize Management Systems. Microorganisms, 10(5), 939. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050939

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