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10.3390/microorganisms10050890
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Article

Proteome and Physiological Characterization of Halotolerant Nodule Endophytes: The Case of Rahnella aquatilis and Serratia plymuthica

by
Giorgia Novello
1,*,
Elisa Gamalero
1,
Nadia Massa
1,
Patrizia Cesaro
1,
Guido Lingua
1,
Valeria Todeschini
1,
Alice Caramaschi
2,
Francesco Favero
3,4,
Davide Corà
3,4,
Marcello Manfredi
3,4,
Emilio Marengo
1,
Micaela Pelagi
5,
Loredana Pangaro
5,
Giuseppina Caffiero
5,
Fulvia Milano
5 and
Elisa Bona
2,3,*
1
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
2
Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica, University of Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
3
Center on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
4
Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
5
Laboratorio Analisi e Microbiologia, ASL-VC Ospedale Sant’Andrea, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2022, 10(5), 890; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050890
Submission received: 30 March 2022 / Revised: 22 April 2022 / Accepted: 22 April 2022 / Published: 24 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Collection in Environmental Microbiology Section 2021-2022)
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Abstract

Bacterial endophytes were isolated from nodules of pea and fava bean. The strains were identified and characterized for plant beneficial activities (phosphate solubilization, synthesis of indole acetic acid and siderophores) and salt tolerance. Based on these data, four strains of Rahnella aquatilis and three strains of Serratia plymuthica were selected. To shed light on the mechanisms underlying salt tolerance, the proteome of the two most performant strains (Ra4 and Sp2) grown in the presence or not of salt was characterized. The number of proteins expressed by the endophytes was higher in the presence of salt. The modulated proteome consisted of 302 (100 up-regulated, 202 down-regulated) and 323 (206 up-regulated, 117 down-regulated) proteins in Ra4 and Sp2, respectively. Overall, proteins involved in abiotic stress responses were up-regulated, while those involved in metabolism and flagellum structure were down-regulated. The main up-regulated proteins in Sp2 were thiol: disulfide interchange protein DsbA, required for the sulfur binding formation in periplasmic proteins, while in Ra4 corresponded to the soluble fraction of ABC transporters, having a role in compatible solute uptake. Our results demonstrated a conserved response to salt stress in the two taxonomically related species.
Keywords: bacterial endophytes; legume nodules; salt tolerance; plant beneficial activities; proteome bacterial endophytes; legume nodules; salt tolerance; plant beneficial activities; proteome

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MDPI and ACS Style

Novello, G.; Gamalero, E.; Massa, N.; Cesaro, P.; Lingua, G.; Todeschini, V.; Caramaschi, A.; Favero, F.; Corà, D.; Manfredi, M.; et al. Proteome and Physiological Characterization of Halotolerant Nodule Endophytes: The Case of Rahnella aquatilis and Serratia plymuthica. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 890. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050890

AMA Style

Novello G, Gamalero E, Massa N, Cesaro P, Lingua G, Todeschini V, Caramaschi A, Favero F, Corà D, Manfredi M, et al. Proteome and Physiological Characterization of Halotolerant Nodule Endophytes: The Case of Rahnella aquatilis and Serratia plymuthica. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(5):890. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050890

Chicago/Turabian Style

Novello, Giorgia, Elisa Gamalero, Nadia Massa, Patrizia Cesaro, Guido Lingua, Valeria Todeschini, Alice Caramaschi, Francesco Favero, Davide Corà, Marcello Manfredi, and et al. 2022. "Proteome and Physiological Characterization of Halotolerant Nodule Endophytes: The Case of Rahnella aquatilis and Serratia plymuthica" Microorganisms 10, no. 5: 890. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050890

APA Style

Novello, G., Gamalero, E., Massa, N., Cesaro, P., Lingua, G., Todeschini, V., Caramaschi, A., Favero, F., Corà, D., Manfredi, M., Marengo, E., Pelagi, M., Pangaro, L., Caffiero, G., Milano, F., & Bona, E. (2022). Proteome and Physiological Characterization of Halotolerant Nodule Endophytes: The Case of Rahnella aquatilis and Serratia plymuthica. Microorganisms, 10(5), 890. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050890

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