A New Dual Steering System in a Compact Tractor

To achieve optimal controllability in a dual steering tractor (a four-wheel, iso-diametric tractor equipped with a dual-hydraulic steering system), this study proposes a coordinated approach that combines experimental testing (using a special agricultural tractor) with numerical analysis of the entire vehicle, developed in Bond Graph-3D. For certain crops, a dual steering vehicle is used to meet the needs of professionals who require easy maneuverability in narrow spaces and/or reduced steering time. This study aims to explore the reasons behind the need for dual steering tractors, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of these two different configurations and ultimately focusing on the combined benefits of both. Based on an extensive review of the literature and drawing from previous studies, this paper analyzes aspects such as the variation in noise levels (or comfort level) experienced at the steering wheel when switching from Ackermann steering to a dual steering system. After outlining the theoretical methodology used to describe the model, both experimental and numerical analyses of a vineyard tractor in operation are presented. The goal of this work is to provide guidance on design methods and, through the Bond Graph-3D model, suggest the best control algorithms to minimize steering noise and enhance driving comfort. This research aims to pave the way for future control strategies in electrohydraulic steering systems.