In Vitro Evaluation of Combined Commercialized Ophthalmic Solutions Against Acanthamoeba Strains
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. In Vitro Effect of Systane® Ultra and Naviblef® Daily Care Against the Trophozoite Stage of Acanthamoeba Strains
2.2. In Vitro Effect of Systane® Ultra and Naviblef® Daily Care Against the Cyst Stage of A. Castellanii Neff Strain
2.3. In Vitro Effect of Systane® Ultra and Naviblef® Daily Care Mixtures
2.4. Response Surface Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemicals
4.2. Cell Cultures
4.2.1. Acanthamoeba Strains
4.2.2. Macrophage Cell Line
4.3. Anti-Acanthamoeba Assays
4.3.1. In Vitro Effect of Systane® Ultra and Naviblef® Daily Care Against the Trophozoite Stage of Acanthamoeba Strains
4.3.2. In Vitro Effect of Systane® Ultra and Naviblef® Daily Care Against the Cyst Stage of A. castellanii Neff Strain
4.3.3. In Vitro Effect Against Acanthamoeba spp. Trophozoites of Systane® Ultra and Naviblef® Daily Care Mixtures
4.4. In Vitro Effect of Systane® Ultra and Naviblef® Daily Care Mixtures Against Acanthamoeba castellanii Neff Cysts Evaluated by the Alamarblue™ Colorimetric Assay
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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IC50 (%) | Trophozoites | Cysts | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
A. Castellanii Neff | A. Polyphaga | A. Griffini | A. Castellanii Neff | |
Systane® Ultra | 4.97 ± 0.71 | 5.98 ± 0.60 | 7.99 ± 1.25 | 34.6 ± 1.38 |
Naviblef® Daily Care | 0.68 ± 0.16 | 0.98 ± 0.28 | 1.13 ± 0.16 | 2.1 ± 0.04 |
Mixture | IC50 (%) A. Castellanii Neff Trophozoites | Systane® Ultra Proportion (%) | Naviblef® Proportion (%) |
---|---|---|---|
#1 | 59.18 ± 7.56 | 0.59 | 0.06 |
#2 | 42.67 ± 3.36 | 0.43 | 0.43 |
#3 | 29.39 ± 1.57 | 3.53 | 0.03 |
#4 | 21.10 ± 1.61 | 2.53 | 0.21 |
#5 | 49.07 ± 2.56 | 0.49 | 0.27 |
#6 | 37.96 ± 3.16 | 2.47 | 0.04 |
#7 | 31.46 ± 3.07 | 2.05 | 0.31 |
#8 | 26.12 ± 1.17 | 3.13 | 0.14 |
#9 | 32.85 ± 1.91 | 2.13 | 0.18 |
#10 | 43.23 ± 2.45 | 1.62 | 0.14 |
#11 | 40.49 ± 5.11 | 1.52 | 0.31 |
#12 | 29.16 ± 3.05 | 2.70 | 0.10 |
#13 | 29.72 ± 4.23 | 2.75 | 0.23 |
Systane® Ultra | Naviblef® |
---|---|
Polyetilene Glycol 400 Propylene Glycol Hidroxipropilguar Sorbitol Aminomethyl Propanol Boric acid Potassium chloride Sodium chloride POLYQUAD®(polidronium chloride) 0.001% as preservative. | Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil, TTO) Anthemis nobilis (chamomile oil) D-Panthenol Alantoine Taurine Purified water |
Mixture | Systane® Ultra (%) | Naviblef® (%) | Sterile Water (%) |
---|---|---|---|
#1 | 0.0100 | 0.0010 | 0.9890 |
#2 | 0.0100 | 0.0100 | 0.9800 |
#3 | 0.1200 | 0.0010 | 0.8790 |
#4 | 0.1200 | 0.0100 | 0.8700 |
#5 | 0.0100 | 0.0055 | 0.9845 |
#6 | 0.0650 | 0.0010 | 0.9340 |
#7 | 0.0650 | 0.0100 | 0.9250 |
#8 | 0.1200 | 0.0055 | 0.8745 |
#9 | 0.0650 | 0.0055 | 0.9295 |
#10 | 0.0375 | 0.0033 | 0.9593 |
#11 | 0.0375 | 0.0078 | 0.9547 |
#12 | 0.0925 | 0.0033 | 0.9043 |
#13 | 0.0925 | 0.0078 | 0.8998 |
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Reyes-Batlle, M.; Mura-Escorche, G.; Sifaoui, I.; Otero-Ruiz, A.; Alfaro-Sifuentes, R.; López-Arencibia, A.; Rocha-Cabrera, P.; Chiboub, O.; Rizo-Liendo, A.; Zamora-Herrera, J.; et al. In Vitro Evaluation of Combined Commercialized Ophthalmic Solutions Against Acanthamoeba Strains. Pathogens 2019, 8, 109. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8030109
Reyes-Batlle M, Mura-Escorche G, Sifaoui I, Otero-Ruiz A, Alfaro-Sifuentes R, López-Arencibia A, Rocha-Cabrera P, Chiboub O, Rizo-Liendo A, Zamora-Herrera J, et al. In Vitro Evaluation of Combined Commercialized Ophthalmic Solutions Against Acanthamoeba Strains. Pathogens. 2019; 8(3):109. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8030109
Chicago/Turabian StyleReyes-Batlle, María, Glorian Mura-Escorche, Ines Sifaoui, Alejandro Otero-Ruiz, Rosalía Alfaro-Sifuentes, Atteneri López-Arencibia, Pedro Rocha-Cabrera, Olfa Chiboub, Aitor Rizo-Liendo, Jonadab Zamora-Herrera, and et al. 2019. "In Vitro Evaluation of Combined Commercialized Ophthalmic Solutions Against Acanthamoeba Strains" Pathogens 8, no. 3: 109. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8030109