Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli Causing Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Sampling and Identification
2.2. In Vitro Susceptibility
2.3. Biofilm Production
2.4. Virulence Profile
2.5. Clonal Profile
2.6. Peritonitis Outcomes
2.7. Predictors of Peritonitis Outcome—Logistic Regression Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Sampling and Identification
4.2. In Vitro Susceptibility
4.3. Biofilm Production
4.4. Virulence Profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4.5. Clonal Profile
4.6. Clinical-Microbiological Associations
4.7. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient Data | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample Number | Species | Year of Isolation | Age (Years) | Gender | Dialysis * |
H 1196 | Acinetobacter ursingii | 1997 | 46 | M | CAPD |
H 829 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1998 | 14 | M | CAPD |
H 1467 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1998 | 24 | M | CAPD |
H 2635 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1998 | 54 | F | CAPD |
H 167 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1999 | 51 | F | CAPD |
H 636 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1999 | 9 | M | CAPD |
H 2624 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1999 | 73 | F | CAPD |
H 3343 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1999 | 6 | M | CAPD |
H 3379 | Acinetobacter haemolyticus | 1999 | 29 | F | CAPD |
H 35 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2000 | 65 | F | DPA |
H 1961 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2000 | 40 | M | CAPD |
H 2008 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2001 | 69 | M | CAPD |
H 1682 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2002 | 81 | F | DPA |
H 2337 | Burkholderia gladioli | 2002 | 74 | M | CAPD |
H 3076 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2002 | 43 | M | CAPD |
H 3108 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2002 | 66 | M | CAPD |
S 22813 | Acinetobacter haemolyticus | 2003 | 52 | M | DPA |
S 23517 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2003 | 21 | F | DPA |
S 22270 | Acinetobacter ursingii | 2004 | 49 | F | CAPD |
S 20514 | Pseudomonas pútida | 2005 | 44 | M | CAPD |
S 1045 | Achromobacter denitrificans | 2006 | 56 | F | DPA |
S 1063 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2006 | 42 | F | DPA |
S 1518 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2006 | 62 | M | CAPD |
S 1541 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2006 | 54 | M | DPA |
S 3007 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2006 | 35 | M | CAPD |
S 3920 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2006 | 65 | M | CAPD |
S 6344 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2006 | 2 | F | DPA |
S 6430 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2006 | 46 | M | DPA |
S 6757 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2006 | 33 | F | DPA |
S 7122 | Acinetobacter haemolyticus | 2006 | 35 | F | DPA |
S 2797 | Achromobacter denitrificans | 2007 | 24 | M | DPA |
S 3620 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2007 | 61 | M | CAPD |
S 4411 | Pseudomonas putida | 2007 | 54 | M | CAPD |
S 5215 | Burkholderia cepacia | 2007 | 53 | M | DPA |
S 98 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2008 | 91 | F | CAPD |
S 3040 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2008 | 32 | F | DPA |
S 3265 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2008 | 78 | F | DPA |
S 4661 | Achromobacter denitrificans | 2008 | 22 | F | DPA |
s 4845 | Acinetobacter haemolyticus | 2008 | 26 | M | CAPD |
S 500 | Acinetobacter haemolyticus | 2009 | 27 | M | DPA |
S 4506 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2009 | 36 | M | CAPD |
S 56765 | Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 2009 | 42 | M | DPA |
S 983 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2010 | 54 | M | DPA |
S 1489 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2010 | 46 | F | DPA |
S 335984 | Acinetobacter baumannii | 2013 | 66 | F | DPA |
S 736033 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2014 | 15 | F | DPA |
S 1257017 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2015 | 30 | F | DPA |
S 1471199 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2015 | 64 | M | DPA |
Pseudomonas spp. (n = 24) | Acinetobacter spp. (n = 18) | Achromobacter spp. (n = 3) | B. gladioli (n = 1) | B. cepacia (n = 1) | Stenotrophomonas spp. (n = 1) | NF-GNB (n = 48) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Susceptibility n (%) | Susceptibility n (%) | Susceptibility n (%) | Susceptibility n (%) | Susceptibility n (%) | Susceptibility n (%) | Susceptibility n (%) | |
Amikacin | 20 (83.3) 1,2 | 7 (38.9) | 1 (33.3) | 1 (100) | - | - | 29 (60.4) |
Ciprofloxacin | 17 (70.1) 1 | 7 (38.9) | 2 (66.7) | 0 (0.0) | - | - | 26 (54.1) |
Ceftazidime | 21 (87.3) 1 | 8 (44.4) | 3 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (100.0) | 1 (100.0) | 34 (70.8) |
Cefepime | 20 (83.3) 1,2 | 7 (38.9) | 1 (33.3) | 0 (0.0) | - | - | 27 (56.2) |
Imipenem | 20 (83.3) | 16 (88.9) | 3 (100) | 0 (0.0) | - | - | 39 (81.2) |
Cluster | Similarity | Sample | Year | Antimicrobial Profile * | Biofilm Production | Virulence Genes ** | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sensibility | Resistance | ||||||
A | 93.3% | S-1063 | 2006 | IPM | AMI, CAZ, COM and CIP | Strong producer | algD, exoS, plcH, plcN, toxA, aprA, lasB, e rhlAB |
S-3920 | 2006 | - | AMI, CAZ, CPM, CIP and IPM | Strong producer | |||
B | 86.4% | S-4506 | 2009 | AMI, CAZ, CPM, CIP and IPM | - | Strong producer | algD, exoS, plcH, plcN, toxA, aprA, lasB, e rhlAB |
S-1257017 | 2015 | AMI, CAZ, CPM, CIP and IPM | - | Moderate producer | |||
C | 82.9% | S-1518 | 2006 | AMI, CAZ and CPM | CIP and IPM | Moderate producer | algD, plcH, plcN, toxA, aprA, lasB, e rhlAB |
S-6344 | 2006 | CAZ, CPM and IPM | CIP and AMI | Moderate producer |
Cluster | Similarity | Sample | Year | Antimicrobial Profile * | Biofilm Production | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sensibility | Resistance | |||||
A | 82.1% | S-1961 | 2000 | IPM | AMI, CAZ, CPM, and CIP | Weak producer |
S-2008 | 2001 | IPM | AMI, CAZ, CPM, and CIP | Weak producer | ||
S-1682 | 2002 | IPM | AMI, CAZ, CPM, and CIP | No producer | ||
S-3108 | 2002 | IPM and CPM | AMI, CAZ, and CIP | Weak producer | ||
S-3040 | 2008 | IPM and CPM | AMI, CAZ, and CIP | No producer |
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Moro Lima dos Santos, A.C.; Monteiro, A.C.M.; Barbosa, T.A.; Riboli, D.F.M.; Camargo, C.H.; Ferreira, A.M.; Mondelli, A.L.; Montelli, A.C.; Hernandes, R.T.; Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha, M.d.L.; et al. Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli Causing Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Pathogens 2022, 11, 218. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11020218
Moro Lima dos Santos AC, Monteiro ACM, Barbosa TA, Riboli DFM, Camargo CH, Ferreira AM, Mondelli AL, Montelli AC, Hernandes RT, Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha MdL, et al. Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli Causing Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Pathogens. 2022; 11(2):218. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11020218
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoro Lima dos Santos, Ana Cláudia, Aydir Cecília Marinho Monteiro, Thaís Alves Barbosa, Danilo Flávio Moraes Riboli, Carlos Henrique Camargo, Adriano Martison Ferreira, Alessandro Lia Mondelli, Augusto Cezar Montelli, Rodrigo Tavanelli Hernandes, Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha, and et al. 2022. "Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli Causing Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients" Pathogens 11, no. 2: 218. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11020218