Cumulative Effect of Strength Enhancer—Lanthanum and Ductility Enhancer—Cerium on Mechanical Response of Magnesium
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Microstructural Characterization
3.2. Mechanical Characterization
4. Discussion
4.1. Tensile Deformation Behavior
4.2. Compressive Deformation Behavior
4.3. Tension-Compression Yield Asymmetry
5. Conclusions
- Mg-4La-0.4Ce exhibited 241% and 21% increase in tensile yield strength and 102% and 18% increase in ultimate tensile strength, when compared to pure Mg and Mg-0.4Ce, respectively. Tensile ductility of Mg-4La-0.4Ce remained at ~19%.
- Mg-4La-0.4Ce alloy exhibited 195% and 35% increase in compressive yield strength and 42% and 7% increase in ultimate compressive strength compared to Mg and Mg-0.4Ce, respectively. Compressive ductility was retained at ~16%.
- A reduced tension–compression yield asymmetry was found in Mg-4La-0.4Ce alloy when compared to Mg-0.4Ce alloy.
- Presence of La helped in refinement of the grain size (1.3 μm) when compared to Mg (25 μm) and Mg-0.4Ce alloy (4 μm).
- The improvement in micro-hardness by ~62% and ~21% over that of Mg and Mg-0.4Ce alloy is attributed to reduction in grain size and significant presence of secondary phases in Mg-4La-0.4Ce.
- Suppression of twining, to an extent, due to presence of refined grains, large fraction of secondary phases and basal dominant texture are the main reason for improved compressive strength of Mg-4La-0.4Ce alloy.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material | Micro-Hardness | 0.2% Offset Yield Strength (MPa) | Ultimate Strength (MPa) | Fracture Strain (%) | Energy Absorbed (MJ/M3) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tensile | Compressive | Tensile | Compressive | Tensile | Compressive | Tensile | Compressive | ||
Pure Mg | 66 ± 3.3 | 73 ± 9 | 66 ± 4 | 130 ± 21 | 309 ± 14 | 14 ± 5.2 | 23 ± 3.5 | 15 ± 8.2 | 41 ± 3.9 |
Mg-0.4Ce | 86 ± 3.1 | 206 ± 8 | 144 ± 10 | 223 ± 6 | 411 ± 5 | 27 ± 2.3 | 25 ± 1.9 | 56 ± 3.2 | 62 ± 2.7 |
Mg-4La-0.4Ce | 107 ± 2.0 (+62%) | 249 ± 2 (+241%) | 195 ± 11 (+195%) | 263 ± 1 (+102%) | 438 ± 5 (+42%) | 19 ± 2.2 (+36%) | 16 ± 0.6 (−30%) | 49 ± 5.8 (+227%) | 43 ± 1.4 (+5%) |
Composition | I/Imax at 32° | I/Imax at 34° | I/Imax at 36° |
---|---|---|---|
Mg | 0.027 | 0.02703 | 0.0676 |
Mg-0.4Ce | 0.04 | 0.1036 | 0.04 |
Mg-4La-0.4Ce | 0.0197 | 0.0333 | 0.0258 |
Composition | CYS (MPa) | TYS (MPa) | CYS/TYS |
---|---|---|---|
Mg | 66 | 73 | 0.90 |
Mg-0.4Ce | 144 | 206 | 0.70 |
Mg-4La-0.4Ce | 195 | 249 | 0.78 |
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Yang, W.; Tekumalla, S.; Gupta, M. Cumulative Effect of Strength Enhancer—Lanthanum and Ductility Enhancer—Cerium on Mechanical Response of Magnesium. Metals 2017, 7, 241. https://doi.org/10.3390/met7070241
Yang W, Tekumalla S, Gupta M. Cumulative Effect of Strength Enhancer—Lanthanum and Ductility Enhancer—Cerium on Mechanical Response of Magnesium. Metals. 2017; 7(7):241. https://doi.org/10.3390/met7070241
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Wei, Sravya Tekumalla, and Manoj Gupta. 2017. "Cumulative Effect of Strength Enhancer—Lanthanum and Ductility Enhancer—Cerium on Mechanical Response of Magnesium" Metals 7, no. 7: 241. https://doi.org/10.3390/met7070241