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Volume 11
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10.3390/met11101603
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Article

Leaching of Zinc for Subsequent Recovery by Hydrometallurgical Techniques from Electric Arc Furnace Dusts and Utilisation of the Leaching Process Residues for Ceramic Materials for Construction Purposes

by
Juan María Terrones-Saeta
*,
Jorge Suárez-Macías
,
Evaristo Rafael Moreno-López
and
Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias
Research Group TEP-222 “Materials and Mining Engineering”, Higher Polytechnic School of Linares, Scientific and Technological Campus of Linares, University of Jaen, 23700 Linares, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Metals 2021, 11(10), 1603; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101603
Submission received: 22 August 2021 / Revised: 29 September 2021 / Accepted: 30 September 2021 / Published: 9 October 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Bio/Hydrometallurgy for Recovery and Recycling of Metals)
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Abstract

Steel is one of the most widely used materials in the past and today. Various techniques are used to recycle this material, including the electric arc furnace. This process has several advantages, but it also has a major disadvantage, namely, the generation of waste such as electric arc furnace dusts. Electric arc furnace dusts are classified as hazardous waste due to their high percentage of heavy metals, including zinc. Consequently, in the present research, the leaching of zinc for recovery with sulfuric acid solutions at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure is evaluated, as well as the reuse of the leaching process residue as a raw material for ceramic materials. The sulfuric acid solutions were 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 molar, using clay for ceramic conforming and percentages of the leaching residue from 0–50%. The results showed that the optimum solution was 1 molar sulfuric acid, recovering all the zinc in the sample in 36 h. Furthermore, it was found that the clay-conformed ceramics with less than 40% leaching residue showed acceptable physical and mechanical properties according to standards. Therefore, this research develops a new environmental hydrometallurgy in which metallic elements of interest are valorized and the production of waste is avoided, reducing the deposition of hazardous waste in landfills and the extraction of raw materials for the manufacture of construction materials.
Keywords: hydrometallurgy; metallic elements recovery; mining waste; ceramic; construction materials; circular economy; sustainability hydrometallurgy; metallic elements recovery; mining waste; ceramic; construction materials; circular economy; sustainability

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MDPI and ACS Style

Terrones-Saeta, J.M.; Suárez-Macías, J.; Moreno-López, E.R.; Corpas-Iglesias, F.A. Leaching of Zinc for Subsequent Recovery by Hydrometallurgical Techniques from Electric Arc Furnace Dusts and Utilisation of the Leaching Process Residues for Ceramic Materials for Construction Purposes. Metals 2021, 11, 1603. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101603

AMA Style

Terrones-Saeta JM, Suárez-Macías J, Moreno-López ER, Corpas-Iglesias FA. Leaching of Zinc for Subsequent Recovery by Hydrometallurgical Techniques from Electric Arc Furnace Dusts and Utilisation of the Leaching Process Residues for Ceramic Materials for Construction Purposes. Metals. 2021; 11(10):1603. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101603

Chicago/Turabian Style

Terrones-Saeta, Juan María, Jorge Suárez-Macías, Evaristo Rafael Moreno-López, and Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias. 2021. "Leaching of Zinc for Subsequent Recovery by Hydrometallurgical Techniques from Electric Arc Furnace Dusts and Utilisation of the Leaching Process Residues for Ceramic Materials for Construction Purposes" Metals 11, no. 10: 1603. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101603

APA Style

Terrones-Saeta, J. M., Suárez-Macías, J., Moreno-López, E. R., & Corpas-Iglesias, F. A. (2021). Leaching of Zinc for Subsequent Recovery by Hydrometallurgical Techniques from Electric Arc Furnace Dusts and Utilisation of the Leaching Process Residues for Ceramic Materials for Construction Purposes. Metals, 11(10), 1603. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101603

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