The Relationship of Age and BMI with Physical Fitness in Futsal Players
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. The Role of Age Group
3.2. The Role of BMI
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total (n = 65) | U11 (n = 28) | U13 (n = 21) | Adult (n = 16) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal-Weight | Over-Weight | Normal-Weight | Over-Weight | Normal-Weight | Over-Weight | Normal-Weight | Over-Weight | |
n | 49 | 16 | 22 | 6 | 17 | 4 | 10 | 6 |
% | 75 | 25 | 79 | 21 | 81 | 19 | 63 | 37 |
U11 (n = 28) | U13 (n = 21) | Adults (n = 16) | Comparison | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | 9.9 (0.5)¶ | 11.8 (0.6)¶ | 28.9 (5.8)§,‖ | F2,62 = 236.7, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.88 |
Body mass (kg) | 36.3 (7.6)‖,¶ | 42.3 (9.4)§,¶ | 72.9 (8.3)§,‖ | F2,62 = 102.4, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.77 |
Height (m) | 1.40 (0.06)‖,¶ | 1.52 (0.11)§,¶ | 1.75 (0.06)§,‖ | F2,62 = 101.3, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.77 |
BMI (kg·m−2) | 18.4 (3.1)¶ | 18.1 (2.4)¶ | 24.0 (2.5)§,‖ | F2,62 = 25.6, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.45 |
BF (%) | 15.7 (5.5) | 15.0 (4.0) | 15.6 (3.6) | F2,62 = 0.1, p = 0.884, η2 < 0.01 |
FM (kg) | 6.0 (3.3)¶ | 6.5 (2.6)¶ | 11.5 (3.5)§,‖ | F2,62 = 17.1, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.36 |
FFM (kg) | 30.3 (4.6)‖,¶ | 35.8 (7.5)§,¶ | 61.4 (6.2)§,‖ | F2,62 = 140.5, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.82 |
U11 (n = 28) | U13 (n = 21) | Adults (n = 16) | Comparison | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sprint 20 m (s) | 4.00 (0.25)¶ | 3.83 (0.22)¶ | 3.18 (0.17)§,‖ | F2,44 = 42.4, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.66 |
Split 0–10 m (s) | 2.22 (0.14)¶ | 2.16 (0.12)¶ | 1.85 (0.12)§,‖ | F2,44 = 26.7, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.55 |
Split 10–20 m (s) | 1.78 (0.12)‖,¶ | 1.67 (0.11)§,¶ | 1.32 (0.06)§,‖ | F2,44 = 57.8, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.72 |
Endurance (min:s) | 5:33 (1:19)¶ | 6:08 (1:39)¶ | 10:20 (1:20)§,‖ | F2,44 = 35.6, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.62 |
HRmax (bpm) | 203.9 (9.9)¶ | 201.8 (7.9)¶ | 192.2 (6.9)§,‖ | F2,38 = 5.7, p = 0.007, η2 = 0.23 |
Abalakov (cm) | 23.5 (3.8)¶ | 26.5 (4.5)¶ | 38.9 (6.1)§,‖ | F2,62 = 57.3, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.65 |
Ppeak (W) | 265 (62)‖,¶ | 354 (112)§,¶ | 777 (100)§,‖ | F2,62 = 171.0, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.85 |
Ppeak (W·kg−1) | 7.3 (0.9)‖,¶ | 8.3 (1.0)§,¶ | 10.7 (0.7)§,‖ | F2,62 = 74.3, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.71 |
Pmean (W) | 211 (38)‖,¶ | 289 (84)§,¶ | 585 (69)§,‖ | F2,62 = 179.7, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.85 |
Pmean (W ·kg−1) | 5.9 (0.9)‖,¶ | 6.8 (0.9)§,¶ | 8.0 (0.5)§,‖ | F2,62 = 32.0, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.51 |
FI (%) | 33.7 (13.0)¶ | 33.4 (9.0)¶ | 43.8 (7.3)§,‖ | F2,62 = 5.5, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.15 |
SAR (cm) | 16.0 (5.6)¶ | 13.0 (6.1)¶ | 22.5 (7.8)§,‖ | F2,62 = 10.4, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.25 |
Right HG (kg) | 18.1 (3.2)‖,¶ | 23.4 (8.0)§,¶ | 45.9 (10.0)§,‖ | F2,62 = 83.3, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.73 |
Left HG (kg) | 17.7 (3.3)‖,¶ | 22.6 (7.1)§,¶ | 44.1 (8.7)§,‖ | F2,62 = 94.2, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.75 |
Sum HG (kg) | 35.8 (6.0)‖,¶ | 46.1 (14.9)§,¶ | 90.0 (18.1)§,‖ | F2,62 = 93.3, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.75 |
Sum HG (kg·kg−1) | 1.02 (0.22)¶ | 1.09 (0.21) | 1.24 (0.25)§ | F2,62 = 5.0, p = 0.010, η2 = 0.14 |
U11 (n = 28) | U13 (n = 21) | Adults (n = 16) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal-Weight (n = 22) | Overweight (n = 6) | Normal-Weight (n = 17) | Overweight (n = 4) | Normal-Weight (n = 10) | Overweight (n = 6) | |
Age (yr) | 9.9 (0.5) | 10.0 (0.6) | 11.8 (0.6) | 11.6 (0.9) | 27.3 (5.0) | 31.4 (6.6) |
BM (kg) | 33.4 (5.3) | 46.9 (5.1) ‡ | 40.2 (8.4) | 51.5 (8.7) * | 68.8 (6.6) | 79.7 (6.2) † |
Height (cm) | 1.39 (0.06) | 1.43 (0.05) | 1.52 (0.11) | 1.53 (0.11) | 1.75 (0.07) | 1.73 (0.04) |
BMI (kg·m−2) | 17.2 (2.1) | 22.8 (1.9) ‡ | 17.3 (1.7) | 21.9 (0.5) ‡ | 22.4 (1.6) | 26.5 (1.1) ‡ |
BF (%) | 13.8 (4.5) | 22.7 (2.3) ‡ | 13.9 (3.1) | 19.9 (4.3) † | 13.5 (2.3) | 19.2 (2.2) ‡ |
FM (kg) | 4.8 (2.3) | 10.7 (2.0) ‡ | 5.7 (2.2) | 10.0 (0.9) † | 9.3 (1.6) | 15.3 (2.1) ‡ |
FFM (kg) | 28.7 (3.5) | 36.1 (3.2) ‡ | 34.4 (6.6) | 41.5 (9.5) | 59.6 (6.3) | 64.4 (5.3) |
U11 (n = 28) | U13 (n = 21) | Adults (n = 16) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal-Weight (n = 22) | Overweight (n = 6) | Normal-Weight (n = 17) | Overweight (n = 4) | Normal-Weight (n = 10) | Overweight (n = 6) | |
Sprint 20 m (s) | 4.00 (0.25) | 4.00 (0.29) | 3.78 (0.18) | 4.04 (0.31) | 3.12 (0.14) | 3.37 (0.10) |
Split 0-10 m (s) | 2.22 (0.14) | 2.22 (0.13) | 2.13 (0.10) | 2.28 (0.15) * | 1.82 (0.10) | 1.99 (0.06) |
Split 10-20 m (s) | 1.78 (0.12) | 1.78 (0.16) | 1.65 (0.09) | 1.76 (0.16) | 1.30 (0.06) | 1.38 (0.04) |
Endurance (min:s) | 5:41 (1:14) | 4:40 (1:46) | 6:33 (1:27) | 4:12 (1:12) * | 10:28 (1:30) | 9:54 (0:11) |
HRmax (bpm) | 203.3 (9.9) | 214.0 (0.0) | 202.0 (7.8) | 200.5 (12.0) | 191.9 (7.0) | 193.5 (9.2) |
Abalakov (cm) | 24.3 (3.7) | 20.7 (3.1) * | 27.0 (3.6) | 24.5 (7.7) | 40.6 (6.5) | 36.1 (4.5) |
Ppeak (W) | 247 (54) | 330 (46) † | 335 (85) | 435 (186) | 741 (82) | 837 (105) |
Ppeak (W·kg-1) | 7.4 (0.9) | 7.1 (0.9) | 8.3 (0.6) | 8.2 (2.0) | 10.8 (0.6) | 10.5 (1.0) |
Pmean (W) | 202 (34) | 246 (30) † | 277 (64) | 340 (145) | 565 (71) | 617 (59) |
Pmean (W·kg−1) | 6.1 (0.9) | 5.3 (1.0) | 6.9 (0.7) | 6.4 (1.7) | 8.2 (0.5) | 7.7 (0.5) |
FI (%) | 31.6 (13.2) | 41.7 (8.7) | 32.4 (9.8) | 37.9 (2.2) | 43.4 (10.1) | 45.1 (6.3) |
SAR (cm) | 17.0 (5.4) | 12.7 (5.7) | 14.3 (5.6) | 7.4 (5.4) * | 24.3 (7.3) | 19.5 (8.2) |
Right HG (kg) | 18.1 (3.3) | 18.3 (2.7) | 22.2 (5.7) | 28.9 (14.2) | 46.8 (11.8) | 44.6 (6.7) |
Left HG (kg) | 17.4 (3.5) | 19.0 (1.9) | 21.6 (5.5) | 27.1 (11.9) | 43.4 (10.1) | 45.1 (6.3) |
Sum HG (kg) | 35.4 (6.5) | 37.3 (3.5) | 43.8 (10.9) | 56.0 (26.1) | 90.2 (21.7) | 89.7 (11.7) |
Sum HG (kg·kg−1) | 1.07 (0.21) | 0.81 (0.15) † | 1.10 (0.20) | 1.05 (0.28) | 1.31 (0.28) | 1.13 (0.17) |
U11 (n = 28) | U13 (n = 21) | Adults (n = 16) | |
---|---|---|---|
Sprint 20 m (s) | 0.44 * | 0.52 * | 0.53 |
Split 0–10 m (s) | 0.43 | 0.53 * | 0.47 |
Split 10–20 m (s) | 0.43 * | 0.49 * | 0.52 |
Endurance (min:s) | −0.53 * | −0.74 † | −0.20 |
Abalakov (cm) | −0.69 ‡ | −0.30 | −0.62 * |
Ppeak (W) | 0.66 ‡ | 0.23 | 0.14 |
Ppeak (W·kg−1) | −0.20 | −0.20 | −0.43 |
Pmean (W) | 0.38 * | 0.12 | 0.01 |
Pmean (W·kg−1) | −0.65 ‡ | −0.51 * | −0.74 † |
FI (%) | 0.66 ‡ | 0.66 † | 0.01 |
SAR (cm) | −0.48 * | −0.24 | −0.40 |
Right HG (kg) | 0.03 | 0.14 | −0.05 |
Left HG (kg) | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.10 |
Sum HG (kg) | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.02 |
Sum HG (kg.kg−1) | −0.65 ‡ | −0.18 | −0.19 |
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Nikolaidis, P.T.; Chtourou, H.; Torres-Luque, G.; Rosemann, T.; Knechtle, B. The Relationship of Age and BMI with Physical Fitness in Futsal Players. Sports 2019, 7, 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7040087
Nikolaidis PT, Chtourou H, Torres-Luque G, Rosemann T, Knechtle B. The Relationship of Age and BMI with Physical Fitness in Futsal Players. Sports. 2019; 7(4):87. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7040087
Chicago/Turabian StyleNikolaidis, Pantelis T., Hamdi Chtourou, Gema Torres-Luque, Thomas Rosemann, and Beat Knechtle. 2019. "The Relationship of Age and BMI with Physical Fitness in Futsal Players" Sports 7, no. 4: 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7040087
APA StyleNikolaidis, P. T., Chtourou, H., Torres-Luque, G., Rosemann, T., & Knechtle, B. (2019). The Relationship of Age and BMI with Physical Fitness in Futsal Players. Sports, 7(4), 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7040087