Predictors of Colorectal Cancer Screening among Average and High-Risk Saudis Population
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Theoretical Framework
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Patients
2.2. Sampling and Setting
2.3. Instruments
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Data Analysis
2.6. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive Statistics
3.2. Testing the Preliminarily Hypothesized Model
3.3. The Modified Stable Prediction Model Testing
3.4. Factors Affecting Screening Practice Intention
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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HBM Construct | Study Variable |
---|---|
Perceived susceptibility | Saudis’ perceived susceptibility to CRC |
Perceived severity | Saudis’ perceived severity of CRC |
Perceived benefit | Saudis’ perceived benefit of CRC screening |
Perceived barriers | Saudis’ perceived barriers to CRC screening |
Modifying factors | Demographic factors Age, gender, educational level, income, and health insurance |
Sociopsychological factors Socioeconomic status and family history | |
Structural factors Participants’ CRC knowledge | |
Likelihood of behavioral change | Intent to undergo screening via FOBT Participants’ self-reported intention to undergo FOBT as screening tests for CRC |
Variables | N | % |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
| 417 183 | 69.5% 30.5% |
Educational level | ||
| 196 213 95 80 16 | 32.7% 35.5% 15.8% 13.3% 2.6% |
Family history | ||
| 235 365 | 39.2% 60.8% |
Income | ||
| 197 403 | 32.8% 67.2% |
Insurance | ||
| 520 80 | 86.7% 13.3% |
Characteristics | Mean ± SD. | |
Age (yrs) | 53.25 ± 4.36 |
Variable | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 1 | . | ||||||||||
Gender | 0.13 * | 1 | ||||||||||
Education | 0.11 * | −0.02 | 1 | |||||||||
Family history | 0.13 * | −0.02 | 0.22 ** | 1 | ||||||||
Income | −0.11 ** | −0.09 * | −0.14 ** | −0.12 ** | 1 | |||||||
Knowledge | 0.10 | −0.12 ** | 0.28 ** | 0.07 | −0.13 ** | 1 | ||||||
Severity | −0.09 * | −0.12 ** | 0.13 ** | −0.07 | −0.09 * | 0.08 * | 1 | |||||
Susceptibility | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.22 ** | 0.13 ** | −0.07 | 0.23 ** | 0.13 ** | 1 | ||||
Motivation | 0.05 | −0.06 | 0.18 ** | 0.15 ** | −0.01 | 0.23 ** | 0.13 ** | 0.16 ** | 1 | |||
Benefits | −0.04 | −0.05 | 0.26 ** | −0.02 | −0.07 | 0.24 ** | 0.15 ** | 0.48 ** | 0.11 ** | 1 | ||
Barriers | 0.02 | −0.04 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.02 | −0.16 ** | 0.03 | −0.35 ** | −0.17 ** | −0.39 ** | 1 | |
Intention to FOBT | 0.09 | 0.06 | −0.07 | 0.12 * | −0.04 | 0.37 ** | 0.32 ** | 0.31 ** | 0.38 ** | 0.36 ** | −0.57 ** | 1 |
Outcome Variables | Independent Variables | β | Standardized Effects | Squared Multiple Correlations | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Direct Effect | Indirect Effect | Total Effect | ||||
Intention to screen via FOBT | Barriers | −0.55 | −0.43 ** | 0.57 | −0.55 ** | 0.57 |
Knowledge | 0.36 | 0.28 ** | 0.08 | 0.36 ** | ||
Motivation | 0.35 | 0.29 ** | 0.06 | 0.35 ** | ||
Benefits | 0.35 | 0.26 ** | 0.09 | 0.35 ** | ||
Severity | 0.29 | 0.25 ** | 0.04 | 0.29 ** | ||
Susceptibility | 0.28 | 0.24 ** | 0.04 | 0.28 ** | ||
Family History | 0.11 | 0.11 * | 0 | 0.11 * |
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Abuadas, F.H.; Alsharari, A.F.; Abuadas, M.H. Predictors of Colorectal Cancer Screening among Average and High-Risk Saudis Population. J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12, 662. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12050662
Abuadas FH, Alsharari AF, Abuadas MH. Predictors of Colorectal Cancer Screening among Average and High-Risk Saudis Population. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2022; 12(5):662. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12050662
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbuadas, Fuad H., Abdalkarem F. Alsharari, and Mohammad H. Abuadas. 2022. "Predictors of Colorectal Cancer Screening among Average and High-Risk Saudis Population" Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 5: 662. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12050662