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Article

Clinical Utility and Validation of the Krakow DCM Risk Score—A Prognostic Model Dedicated to Dilated Cardiomyopathy

by
Ewa Dziewięcka
1,*,
Mateusz Winiarczyk
2,
Sylwia Wiśniowska-Śmiałek
1,3,
Aleksandra Karabinowska-Małocha
1,
Matylda Gliniak
2,
Jan Robak
2,
Monika Kaciczak
2,
Przemysław Leszek
4,
Małgorzata Celińska-Spodar
5,
Marcin Dziewięcki
6 and
Paweł Rubiś
1,*
1
Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Krakow, Poland
2
Students’ Scientific Group at Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, John Paul II Hospital, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
3
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, John Paul II Hospital, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
4
Department of Heart Failure and Transplantation, The Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
5
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, The National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
6
College of Economics and Computer Science (WSEI), 31-150 Krakow, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(2), 236; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12020236
Submission received: 5 November 2021 / Revised: 30 December 2021 / Accepted: 27 January 2022 / Published: 8 February 2022
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Abstract

Background: One of the most common causes of heart failure is dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). In DCM, the mortality risk is high and reaches approximately 20% in 5 years. A patient’s prognosis should be established for appropriate HF management. However, so far, no validated tools have been available for the DCM population. Methods: The study population consisted of 735 DCM patients: 406 from the derivation cohort (previously described) and 329 from the validation cohort (from 2009 to 2020, with outcome data after a mean of 42 months). For each DCM patient, the individual mortality risk was calculated based on the Krakow DCM Risk Score. Results: During follow-up, 49 (15%) patients of the validation cohort died. They had shown significantly higher calculated 1-to-5-year mortality risks. The Krakow DCM Risk Score yielded good discrimination in terms of overall mortality risk, with an AUC of 0.704–0.765. Based on a 2-year mortality risk, patients were divided into non-high (≤6%) and high (>6%) mortality risk groups. The observed mortality rates were 8.3% (n = 44) vs. 42.6% (n = 75), respectively (HR 3.37; 95%CI 1.88–6.05; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The Krakow DCM Risk Score was found to have good predictive accuracy. The 2-year mortality risk > 6% has good discrimination for the identification of high-risk patients and can be applied in everyday practice.
Keywords: dilated cardiomyopathy; non-ischemic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; prognosis; prognostic model; mortality risk; Krakow DCM Risk Score dilated cardiomyopathy; non-ischemic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; prognosis; prognostic model; mortality risk; Krakow DCM Risk Score
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MDPI and ACS Style

Dziewięcka, E.; Winiarczyk, M.; Wiśniowska-Śmiałek, S.; Karabinowska-Małocha, A.; Gliniak, M.; Robak, J.; Kaciczak, M.; Leszek, P.; Celińska-Spodar, M.; Dziewięcki, M.; et al. Clinical Utility and Validation of the Krakow DCM Risk Score—A Prognostic Model Dedicated to Dilated Cardiomyopathy. J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12, 236. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12020236

AMA Style

Dziewięcka E, Winiarczyk M, Wiśniowska-Śmiałek S, Karabinowska-Małocha A, Gliniak M, Robak J, Kaciczak M, Leszek P, Celińska-Spodar M, Dziewięcki M, et al. Clinical Utility and Validation of the Krakow DCM Risk Score—A Prognostic Model Dedicated to Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2022; 12(2):236. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12020236

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dziewięcka, Ewa, Mateusz Winiarczyk, Sylwia Wiśniowska-Śmiałek, Aleksandra Karabinowska-Małocha, Matylda Gliniak, Jan Robak, Monika Kaciczak, Przemysław Leszek, Małgorzata Celińska-Spodar, Marcin Dziewięcki, and et al. 2022. "Clinical Utility and Validation of the Krakow DCM Risk Score—A Prognostic Model Dedicated to Dilated Cardiomyopathy" Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 2: 236. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12020236

APA Style

Dziewięcka, E., Winiarczyk, M., Wiśniowska-Śmiałek, S., Karabinowska-Małocha, A., Gliniak, M., Robak, J., Kaciczak, M., Leszek, P., Celińska-Spodar, M., Dziewięcki, M., & Rubiś, P. (2022). Clinical Utility and Validation of the Krakow DCM Risk Score—A Prognostic Model Dedicated to Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12(2), 236. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12020236

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