Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Velocity Magnitudes and Flow Patterns in The Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation: Comparison with Computational Fluid Dynamics

Ngo, Minh Tri; Kim, Chul In; Jung, Jinmu; Chung, Gyung Ho; Lee, Dong Hwan; Kwak, Hyo Sung

doi:10.3390/diagnostics9040223

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Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Velocity Magnitudes and Flow Patterns in The Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation: Comparison with Computational Fluid Dynamics

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Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeon-ju 54907, Korea

Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-ju 54896, Korea

Hemorheology Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-ju 54896, Korea

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

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These authors contributed equally to this work.

Diagnostics 2019, 9(4), 223; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9040223

Received: 18 October 2019 / Revised: 22 November 2019 / Accepted: 12 December 2019 / Published: 13 December 2019

(This article belongs to the Section Medical Imaging and Theranostics)

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Abstract

Purpose: Knowledge of the hemodynamics in the vascular system is important to understand and treat vascular pathology. The present study aimed to evaluate the hemodynamics in the human carotid artery bifurcation measured by four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as compared to computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Methods: This protocol used MRI data of 12 healthy volunteers for the 3D vascular models and 4D flow MRI measurements for the boundary conditions in CFD simulation. We compared the velocities measured at the carotid bifurcation and the 3D velocity streamlines of the carotid arteries obtained by these two methods. Results: There was a good agreement for both maximum and minimum velocity values between the 2 methods for velocity magnitude at the bifurcation plane. However, on the 3D blood flow visualization, secondary flows, and recirculation regions are of poorer quality when visualized through the 4D flow MRI. Conclusion: 4D flow MRI and CFD show reasonable agreement in demonstrated velocity magnitudes at the carotid artery bifurcation. However, the visualization of blood flow at the recirculation regions and the assessment of secondary flow characteristics should be enhanced for the use of 4D flow MRI in clinical situations. View Full-Text

Keywords: carotid artery; carotid bifurcation; flow patterns; computational fluid dynamics (CFD); four-dimension flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI); velocity magnitudes

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ngo, M.T.; Kim, C.I.; Jung, J.; Chung, G.H.; Lee, D.H.; Kwak, H.S. Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Velocity Magnitudes and Flow Patterns in The Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation: Comparison with Computational Fluid Dynamics. Diagnostics 2019, 9, 223. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9040223

AMA Style

Ngo MT, Kim CI, Jung J, Chung GH, Lee DH, Kwak HS. Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Velocity Magnitudes and Flow Patterns in The Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation: Comparison with Computational Fluid Dynamics. Diagnostics. 2019; 9(4):223. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9040223

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ngo, Minh T., Chul I. Kim, Jinmu Jung, Gyung H. Chung, Dong H. Lee, and Hyo S. Kwak. 2019. "Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Velocity Magnitudes and Flow Patterns in The Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation: Comparison with Computational Fluid Dynamics" Diagnostics 9, no. 4: 223. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9040223

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Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Velocity Magnitudes and Flow Patterns in The Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation: Comparison with Computational Fluid Dynamics

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