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Diagnostics
Volume 15
Issue 13
10.3390/diagnostics15131576
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

The Impact of Cardiovascular Diseases on Postoperative Complications in Orthopedic Trauma Patients

by
Felix Erne
1,2,
Larissa Mühlberger
1,
Christoph Ihle
1,3,
Sabrina Ehnert
1,
Tina Histing
1,
Andreas K. Nüssler
1,* and
Elke Maurer
1,4
1
Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
2
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Diakonie-Klinikum Hospital, Rosenbergstr. 38, 70176 Stuttgart, Germany
3
m&i-Fachkliniken Hohenurach, Orthopädische Klinik, Immanuel-Kant-Str. 33, 72574 Bad Urach, Germany
4
Lumedis Orthopedics, Kirchstr. 14, 60311 Frankfurt, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2025, 15(13), 1576; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15131576
Submission received: 15 April 2025 / Revised: 1 June 2025 / Accepted: 17 June 2025 / Published: 20 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are recognized as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the population worldwide. A healthy cardiovascular system enables adaptation to trauma and physical stress. This study targets the reciprocal relation between CVD and postoperative complications after trauma surgery. Methods: In 2014, a randomized and standardized acquisition of study patients was initiated at a Level I trauma center in Germany. The burden of CVDs and the location, type, and severity of injuries were categorized. Clavien–Dindo classification was used to record postoperative complications. Results: The study analyzed a cohort of 1262 patients, representing a diverse range of orthopedic treatment disciplines within the hospital. It highlighted that patients with lower leg fractures experienced significantly higher complication rates, particularly linked to heart valve diseases and chronic venous insufficiency. Age and sex were not found to have a significant impact. Multivariate analysis identified additional key influencing factors for the development of complications, including the number of CVDs, nutritional status, smoking habits, and mobility levels. Conclusions: CVDs play a pivotal role in elevating complication rates post-trauma-surgery. Trauma-related extremity conditions are notably more severe when accompanied by CVD. A personalized approach that accounts for cardiovascular risk factors could significantly improve treatment outcomes in the future.
Keywords: cardiovascular diseases; postoperative complications; Clavien–Dindo classification; orthopedic trauma surgery; fractures of the upper and lower extremities cardiovascular diseases; postoperative complications; Clavien–Dindo classification; orthopedic trauma surgery; fractures of the upper and lower extremities

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MDPI and ACS Style

Erne, F.; Mühlberger, L.; Ihle, C.; Ehnert, S.; Histing, T.; Nüssler, A.K.; Maurer, E. The Impact of Cardiovascular Diseases on Postoperative Complications in Orthopedic Trauma Patients. Diagnostics 2025, 15, 1576. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15131576

AMA Style

Erne F, Mühlberger L, Ihle C, Ehnert S, Histing T, Nüssler AK, Maurer E. The Impact of Cardiovascular Diseases on Postoperative Complications in Orthopedic Trauma Patients. Diagnostics. 2025; 15(13):1576. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15131576

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erne, Felix, Larissa Mühlberger, Christoph Ihle, Sabrina Ehnert, Tina Histing, Andreas K. Nüssler, and Elke Maurer. 2025. "The Impact of Cardiovascular Diseases on Postoperative Complications in Orthopedic Trauma Patients" Diagnostics 15, no. 13: 1576. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15131576

APA Style

Erne, F., Mühlberger, L., Ihle, C., Ehnert, S., Histing, T., Nüssler, A. K., & Maurer, E. (2025). The Impact of Cardiovascular Diseases on Postoperative Complications in Orthopedic Trauma Patients. Diagnostics, 15(13), 1576. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15131576

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