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Volume 14
Issue 7
10.3390/diagnostics14070728
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Review

Clinical Significance and Remaining Issues of Anti-HBc Antibody and HBV Core-Related Antigen

by
Yoshihiko Yano
1,2,*,
Itsuko Sato
2,
Takamitsu Imanishi
2,
Ryutaro Yoshida
1,
Takanori Matsuura
1,
Yoshihide Ueda
1 and
Yuzo Kodama
1
1
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
2
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2024, 14(7), 728; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14070728
Submission received: 12 February 2024 / Revised: 17 March 2024 / Accepted: 26 March 2024 / Published: 29 March 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatitis: Advanced Diagnosis and Management)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Currently, hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antibody (anti-HBc antibody) and HBV core-related antigen (HBcrAg) are widely used as serum markers for diagnosis based on the HBV core region. This review focused on anti-HBc antibodies and HBcrAg and aimed to summarize the clinical significance of currently used assay systems and the issues involved. While anti-HBc is very significant for clinical diagnosis, the clinical significance of quantitative assay of anti-HBc antibody has been reevaluated with improvements in diagnostic performance, including its association with clinical stage and prediction of carcinogenesis and reactivation. In addition, concerning the new HBcrAg, a high-sensitivity assay method has recently been established, and its diagnostic significance, including the prediction of reactivation, is being reevaluated. On the other hand, the quantitative level of anti-HBc antibody expressed in different units among assay systems complicates the interpretation of the results. However, it is difficult to standardize assay systems as they vary in advantages, and caution is needed in interpreting the assay results. In conclusion, with the development of highly sensitive HBcrAg and anti-HBc antibody, a rapid and sensitive detection assay system has been developed and used in clinical practice. In the future, it is hoped that a global standard will be created based on the many clinical findings.
Keywords: anti-HBc antibody; HBV core-related antigen; HBV anti-HBc antibody; HBV core-related antigen; HBV

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yano, Y.; Sato, I.; Imanishi, T.; Yoshida, R.; Matsuura, T.; Ueda, Y.; Kodama, Y. Clinical Significance and Remaining Issues of Anti-HBc Antibody and HBV Core-Related Antigen. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 728. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14070728

AMA Style

Yano Y, Sato I, Imanishi T, Yoshida R, Matsuura T, Ueda Y, Kodama Y. Clinical Significance and Remaining Issues of Anti-HBc Antibody and HBV Core-Related Antigen. Diagnostics. 2024; 14(7):728. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14070728

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yano, Yoshihiko, Itsuko Sato, Takamitsu Imanishi, Ryutaro Yoshida, Takanori Matsuura, Yoshihide Ueda, and Yuzo Kodama. 2024. "Clinical Significance and Remaining Issues of Anti-HBc Antibody and HBV Core-Related Antigen" Diagnostics 14, no. 7: 728. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14070728

APA Style

Yano, Y., Sato, I., Imanishi, T., Yoshida, R., Matsuura, T., Ueda, Y., & Kodama, Y. (2024). Clinical Significance and Remaining Issues of Anti-HBc Antibody and HBV Core-Related Antigen. Diagnostics, 14(7), 728. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14070728

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