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Volume 13
Issue 23
10.3390/diagnostics13233543
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Article

Where to Draw Cerebrospinal Fluid from an External Ventricular Drain? Comparison of Cerebrospinal Fluid Parameters between Two Different Collection Sites

by
Farjad Khalaveh
1,
Mario Mischkulnig
1,
Vitalij Zeiser
1,
Matthias G. Vossen
2,
Andrea Reinprecht
1,
Christian Dorfer
1,
Karl Rössler
1 and
Johannes Herta
1,*
1
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
2
Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2023, 13(23), 3543; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13233543
Submission received: 10 November 2023 / Revised: 19 November 2023 / Accepted: 24 November 2023 / Published: 27 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Clinical Laboratory Medicine)
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Abstract

Background: High cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling frequency is considered a risk factor for external ventricular drain (EVD)-associated infections. To reduce manipulation at the proximal port and potentially minimize the risk of an infection, we aimed to analyze whether CSF parameters sampled from the far distal collection bag could provide reliable results compared to the proximal port. Methods: We included patients who were treated with an EVD at our neurosurgical intensive care unit (ICU) between June 2021 and September 2022. CSF sampling, including microbiological analysis, was performed simultaneously from the proximal port and the collection bag. Spearman’s correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the correlation of CSF cell count, protein, lactate and glucose between the two sample sites. Results: We analyzed 290 pairs of CSF samples in 77 patients. Ventriculitis was identified in 4/77 (5%) patients. In 3/4 patients, microbiological analysis showed the same bacterial species at both sample sites at the same time. Spearman’s correlation coefficient showed that CSF cell count (r = 0.762), lactate (r = 0.836) and protein (r = 0.724) had a high positive correlation between the two collection sites, while CSF glucose (r = 0.663) showed a moderate positive correlation. Conclusion: This study shows that biochemical CSF parameters can be reliably assessed from the EVD collection bag.
Keywords: external ventricular drain; CSF sampling; EVD-associated infection external ventricular drain; CSF sampling; EVD-associated infection

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MDPI and ACS Style

Khalaveh, F.; Mischkulnig, M.; Zeiser, V.; Vossen, M.G.; Reinprecht, A.; Dorfer, C.; Rössler, K.; Herta, J. Where to Draw Cerebrospinal Fluid from an External Ventricular Drain? Comparison of Cerebrospinal Fluid Parameters between Two Different Collection Sites. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 3543. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13233543

AMA Style

Khalaveh F, Mischkulnig M, Zeiser V, Vossen MG, Reinprecht A, Dorfer C, Rössler K, Herta J. Where to Draw Cerebrospinal Fluid from an External Ventricular Drain? Comparison of Cerebrospinal Fluid Parameters between Two Different Collection Sites. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(23):3543. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13233543

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khalaveh, Farjad, Mario Mischkulnig, Vitalij Zeiser, Matthias G. Vossen, Andrea Reinprecht, Christian Dorfer, Karl Rössler, and Johannes Herta. 2023. "Where to Draw Cerebrospinal Fluid from an External Ventricular Drain? Comparison of Cerebrospinal Fluid Parameters between Two Different Collection Sites" Diagnostics 13, no. 23: 3543. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13233543

APA Style

Khalaveh, F., Mischkulnig, M., Zeiser, V., Vossen, M. G., Reinprecht, A., Dorfer, C., Rössler, K., & Herta, J. (2023). Where to Draw Cerebrospinal Fluid from an External Ventricular Drain? Comparison of Cerebrospinal Fluid Parameters between Two Different Collection Sites. Diagnostics, 13(23), 3543. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13233543

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