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Volume 12
Issue 9
10.3390/diagnostics12092108
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Article

Development of a Novel Diagnostic Support Tool for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Combining 10-s Grip and Release Test and Grip Strength: A Pilot Study

by
Hiroshi Kobayashi
*,
Koji Otani
,
Takuya Nikaido
,
Kazuyuki Watanabe
,
Kinshi Kato
,
Yoshihiro Kobayashi
,
Shoji Yabuki
and
Shin-ichi Konno
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2022, 12(9), 2108; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092108
Submission received: 11 August 2022 / Revised: 25 August 2022 / Accepted: 26 August 2022 / Published: 31 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics)
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Abstract

Early diagnosis of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is desirable, as delayed treatment can cause irreversible spinal cord injury and subsequent activity of daily living (ADL) impairment. We attempted to develop a straightforward and accurate diagnostic tool for DCM by combining the grip and release test (GRT) and grip strength. As a pilot study, we measured the GRT and grip strength of patients with DCM (n = 247) and a control group (n = 721). Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed using the lower left and right. The Youden index was used to set cutoff values by sex and age group. The diagnostic performance of each test varied by sex and age, and a diagnostic support tool was created to determine any abnormal results in a test. The calculated M/F cutoff values for GRT were as follows: 40–59 years, 21/18; 60–69 years, 17/17; 70–79 years, 15/15; and 80–89 years, 11/12. The calculated M/F cutoff values for grip strength 32/20, 29/13, 21/15, and 19/10. When either GRT or grip strength was judged as positive, the overall sensitivity was 88.2%, specificity was 78.1%, positive likelihood ratio was 4.03, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.15. This novel diagnostic support tool was superior to using GRT and grip strength alone in the early DCM diagnosis. Future research to obtain age- and sex-specific data is necessary to validate and further improve the tool.
Keywords: myelopathy; degenerative cervical myelopathy; cervical spondylotic myelopathy; ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament; cervical disc herniation; primary care; screening; 10-s grip and release test; grip strength myelopathy; degenerative cervical myelopathy; cervical spondylotic myelopathy; ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament; cervical disc herniation; primary care; screening; 10-s grip and release test; grip strength

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kobayashi, H.; Otani, K.; Nikaido, T.; Watanabe, K.; Kato, K.; Kobayashi, Y.; Yabuki, S.; Konno, S.-i. Development of a Novel Diagnostic Support Tool for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Combining 10-s Grip and Release Test and Grip Strength: A Pilot Study. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 2108. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092108

AMA Style

Kobayashi H, Otani K, Nikaido T, Watanabe K, Kato K, Kobayashi Y, Yabuki S, Konno S-i. Development of a Novel Diagnostic Support Tool for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Combining 10-s Grip and Release Test and Grip Strength: A Pilot Study. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(9):2108. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092108

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kobayashi, Hiroshi, Koji Otani, Takuya Nikaido, Kazuyuki Watanabe, Kinshi Kato, Yoshihiro Kobayashi, Shoji Yabuki, and Shin-ichi Konno. 2022. "Development of a Novel Diagnostic Support Tool for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Combining 10-s Grip and Release Test and Grip Strength: A Pilot Study" Diagnostics 12, no. 9: 2108. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092108

APA Style

Kobayashi, H., Otani, K., Nikaido, T., Watanabe, K., Kato, K., Kobayashi, Y., Yabuki, S., & Konno, S.-i. (2022). Development of a Novel Diagnostic Support Tool for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Combining 10-s Grip and Release Test and Grip Strength: A Pilot Study. Diagnostics, 12(9), 2108. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092108

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