Hypertension in Dialysis Patients: Diagnostic Approaches and Evaluation of Epidemiology
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Diagnosis of Hypertension
3.1. Peridialytic BP Measurements
3.2. Intradialytic BP Measurements
3.3. Home BP Measurements
3.4. Ambulatory BP Measurements
4. Epidemiology
4.1. Prevalence, Treatment and Control of Hypertension
4.2. Prognostic Association of BP with Mortality
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Technique | Description | Advantages | Disadvantages |
---|---|---|---|
Routine peridialytic BP | BP recordings taken shortly before or after hemodialysis without a standardized methodology in BP measurement. |
| |
Standardized peridialytic BP | BP recordings before or after hemodialysis taken under standardized conditions (i.e., after a 5 min seated rest and with a validated oscillometric device). |
| |
Home BP | Self-measured BP recordings taken at home with a validated oscillometric device twice daily for at least 3 and preferably 7 consecutive days. |
| |
Ambulatory BP | Automated BP recordings, typically 3 times per hour during the daytime period and 2 times per hour during the nighttime period over an entire interdialytic interval (44 h). |
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Georgianos, P.I.; Vaios, V.; Sgouropoulou, V.; Eleftheriadis, T.; Tsalikakis, D.G.; Liakopoulos, V. Hypertension in Dialysis Patients: Diagnostic Approaches and Evaluation of Epidemiology. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 2961. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12122961
Georgianos PI, Vaios V, Sgouropoulou V, Eleftheriadis T, Tsalikakis DG, Liakopoulos V. Hypertension in Dialysis Patients: Diagnostic Approaches and Evaluation of Epidemiology. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(12):2961. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12122961
Chicago/Turabian StyleGeorgianos, Panagiotis I., Vasilios Vaios, Vasiliki Sgouropoulou, Theodoros Eleftheriadis, Dimitrios G. Tsalikakis, and Vassilios Liakopoulos. 2022. "Hypertension in Dialysis Patients: Diagnostic Approaches and Evaluation of Epidemiology" Diagnostics 12, no. 12: 2961. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12122961
APA StyleGeorgianos, P. I., Vaios, V., Sgouropoulou, V., Eleftheriadis, T., Tsalikakis, D. G., & Liakopoulos, V. (2022). Hypertension in Dialysis Patients: Diagnostic Approaches and Evaluation of Epidemiology. Diagnostics, 12(12), 2961. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12122961