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Diagnostics
Volume 11
Issue 3
10.3390/diagnostics11030491
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Article

Combined COX-2/PPARγ Expression as Independent Negative Prognosticator for Vulvar Cancer Patients

by
Nadine Ansorge
1,2,
Christian Dannecker
2,
Udo Jeschke
1,2,*,
Elisa Schmoeckel
3,
Doris Mayr
3,
Helene H. Heidegger
1,
Aurelia Vattai
1,
Maximiliane Burgmann
1,
Bastian Czogalla
1,
Sven Mahner
1 and
Sophie Fuerst
1
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchionini Str. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
3
Department of Pathology, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 37, 80337 Munich, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2021, 11(3), 491; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030491
Submission received: 7 December 2020 / Revised: 4 March 2021 / Accepted: 4 March 2021 / Published: 10 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics)
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Abstract

Vulvar cancer incidence numbers have been rising steadily over the past decades. Especially the number of young patients with vulvar cancer increased recently. Therefore, the need to identify new prognostic factors for vulvar carcinoma is more apparent. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has long been an object of scientific interest in the context of carcinogenesis. This enzyme is involved in prostaglandin synthesis and the latter binds to nuclear receptors like PPARγ. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate COX-2- and PPARγ- expression in tissues of vulvar carcinomas and to analyze their relevance as prognostic factors. The cytoplasmatic expression of COX-2 as well as PPARγ is associated with a significantly reduced survival, whereas nuclear expression of PPARγ results in a better survival. Especially the combined expression of both COX-2 and PPARγ in the cytoplasm is an independent negative prognosticator for vulvar cancer patients.
Keywords: COX-2; PPARγ; vulvar cancer; survival COX-2; PPARγ; vulvar cancer; survival

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ansorge, N.; Dannecker, C.; Jeschke, U.; Schmoeckel, E.; Mayr, D.; Heidegger, H.H.; Vattai, A.; Burgmann, M.; Czogalla, B.; Mahner, S.; et al. Combined COX-2/PPARγ Expression as Independent Negative Prognosticator for Vulvar Cancer Patients. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 491. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030491

AMA Style

Ansorge N, Dannecker C, Jeschke U, Schmoeckel E, Mayr D, Heidegger HH, Vattai A, Burgmann M, Czogalla B, Mahner S, et al. Combined COX-2/PPARγ Expression as Independent Negative Prognosticator for Vulvar Cancer Patients. Diagnostics. 2021; 11(3):491. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030491

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ansorge, Nadine, Christian Dannecker, Udo Jeschke, Elisa Schmoeckel, Doris Mayr, Helene H. Heidegger, Aurelia Vattai, Maximiliane Burgmann, Bastian Czogalla, Sven Mahner, and et al. 2021. "Combined COX-2/PPARγ Expression as Independent Negative Prognosticator for Vulvar Cancer Patients" Diagnostics 11, no. 3: 491. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030491

APA Style

Ansorge, N., Dannecker, C., Jeschke, U., Schmoeckel, E., Mayr, D., Heidegger, H. H., Vattai, A., Burgmann, M., Czogalla, B., Mahner, S., & Fuerst, S. (2021). Combined COX-2/PPARγ Expression as Independent Negative Prognosticator for Vulvar Cancer Patients. Diagnostics, 11(3), 491. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030491

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