Accuracy of the Zika IgM Antibody Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC Zika MAC-ELISA) for Diagnosis of Zika Virus Infection
by
Moyra Machado Portilho 1, 
Laise de Moraes 1,2
, Mariana Kikuti 1,3, 
Leile Camila Jacob Nascimento 1, Mitermayer Galvão Reis 1,2,4, Viviane Sampaio Boaventura 1,2, Ricardo Khouri 1,2,† and Guilherme Sousa Ribeiro 1,2,*,†
Moyra Machado Portilho 1, Laise de Moraes 1,2, Mariana Kikuti 1,3, Leile Camila Jacob Nascimento 1, Mitermayer Galvão Reis 1,2,4, Viviane Sampaio Boaventura 1,2, Ricardo Khouri 1,2,† and Guilherme Sousa Ribeiro 1,2,*,†
1
Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA 40296-710, Brazil
2
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-100, Brazil
3
Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-040, Brazil
4
Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Diagnostics 2020, 10(10), 835; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100835
Received: 25 August 2020 / Revised: 15 September 2020 / Accepted: 16 September 2020 / Published: 18 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Collection Diagnostic Virology)
Serological diagnosis of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is challenging because of antigenic cross-reactivity with dengue virus (DENV). This study evaluated the accuracy of the Zika IgM antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CDC Zika IgM MAC-ELISA) in differentiating between ZIKV and DENV infections. To determine sensitivity, we used acute- and convalescent-phase sera from 21 patients with RT-PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection. To determine specificity, we used acute- and convalescent-phase sera from 60 RT-PCR-confirmed dengue cases and sera from 23 blood donors. During the acute-phase of the illness, the assay presented a sensitivity of 12.5% (2/16) for samples collected 0–4 days post symptoms onset (DPSO), and of 75.0% (3/4) for samples collected 5–9 DPSO. During the convalescent-phase of the illness, the test sensitivity was 90.9% (10/11), 100% (2/2), and 0% (0/2) for samples obtained 12–102, 258–260, and 722–727 DPSO, respectively. Specificity for acute- and convalescent-phase samples from RT-PCR-confirmed dengue cases was 100% and 93.2%, respectively. Specificity for blood donor samples was 100%. The assay is an accurate method for Zika serological diagnosis and proved to be reliable for use during surveillance and outbreak investigations in settings where ZIKV and DENV cocirculate.
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Keywords:
Zika virus; diagnostic accuracy; sensitivity and specificity; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; CDC Zika MAC-ELISA
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Machado Portilho, M.; de Moraes, L.; Kikuti, M.; Jacob Nascimento, L.C.; Galvão Reis, M.; Sampaio Boaventura, V.; Khouri, R.; Sousa Ribeiro, G. Accuracy of the Zika IgM Antibody Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC Zika MAC-ELISA) for Diagnosis of Zika Virus Infection. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 835.
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