Impact of Thermal Variation on Egg Hatching and the Life Cycle of Aedes (Protomacleaya) terrens (Diptera: Culicidae) in a Laboratory Environment
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethical Statement
2.2. Study Area
2.3. Laboratory Experimental Design
2.4. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Egg Hatching × Temperature
3.2. Development × Temperature
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Temperature | Eggs | Hatching Rate | CI 95% |
---|---|---|---|
15 | 214 | 0.00 | 0.00–0.00 |
20 | 181 | 0.05 | 0.03–0.09 |
25 | 226 | 0.37 | 0.32–0.42 |
30 | 236 | 0.29 | 0.24–0.34 |
Temperature (°C) | L1–L2 (SD) | L2–L3 (SD) | L3–L4 (SD) | L4–Pupa (SD) | Pupa–Adult (SD) | L1–Adult (SD) | Total Development (Days) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Min. | Max. | |||||||
20 | 4.43 (0.98) | 2.43 (0.53) | 3.43 (1.13) | 6.86 (1.07) | 4.71 (1.95) | 21.9 (1.95) | 20 | 25 |
25 | 3.71 (0.99) | 1.97 (0.84) | 2.34 (1.03) | 3.79 (1.21) | 2.79 (0.89) | 14.6 (1.63) | 12 | 22 |
30 | 2.30 (0.84) | 1.99 (0.75) | 1.89 (0.89) | 3.21 (1.33) | 2.24 (0.78) | 11.6 (1.81) | 8 | 15 |
Model | df | AICc | ∆AICc | Weight |
---|---|---|---|---|
log(Days)~Sex + Temperature + Temperature2 | 5 | −308.8 | 0.00 | 0.759 |
log(Days)~Temperature + Temperature2 | 4 | −306.5 | 2.30 | 0.241 |
log(Days)~Sex + Temperature | 4 | −294.5 | 14.30 | 0.001 |
log(Days)~Temperature | 3 | −292.7 | 16.02 | 0.000 |
log(Days)~Sex + Temperature2 | 4 | −286.3 | 22.49 | 0.000 |
log(Days)~Temperature2 | 3 | −284.7 | 24.10 | 0.000 |
log(Days)~Sex | 3 | −117.4 | 191.35 | 0.000 |
log(Days)~1 (null model) | 2 | −114.1 | 194.65 | 0.000 |
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Dias, R.; Leite, M.P.C.; Corrêa-do-Nascimento, G.S.; Santos, G.S.; de Mello, C.F.; Menezes de Almeida, N.; Alencar, J. Impact of Thermal Variation on Egg Hatching and the Life Cycle of Aedes (Protomacleaya) terrens (Diptera: Culicidae) in a Laboratory Environment. Life 2025, 15, 1038. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15071038
Dias R, Leite MPC, Corrêa-do-Nascimento GS, Santos GS, de Mello CF, Menezes de Almeida N, Alencar J. Impact of Thermal Variation on Egg Hatching and the Life Cycle of Aedes (Protomacleaya) terrens (Diptera: Culicidae) in a Laboratory Environment. Life. 2025; 15(7):1038. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15071038
Chicago/Turabian StyleDias, Rayane, Manuella Pereira Cerqueira Leite, Guilherme Sanches Corrêa-do-Nascimento, Gabriel Silva Santos, Cecilia Ferreira de Mello, Nathália Menezes de Almeida, and Jeronimo Alencar. 2025. "Impact of Thermal Variation on Egg Hatching and the Life Cycle of Aedes (Protomacleaya) terrens (Diptera: Culicidae) in a Laboratory Environment" Life 15, no. 7: 1038. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15071038
APA StyleDias, R., Leite, M. P. C., Corrêa-do-Nascimento, G. S., Santos, G. S., de Mello, C. F., Menezes de Almeida, N., & Alencar, J. (2025). Impact of Thermal Variation on Egg Hatching and the Life Cycle of Aedes (Protomacleaya) terrens (Diptera: Culicidae) in a Laboratory Environment. Life, 15(7), 1038. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15071038