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Volume 15
Issue 6
10.3390/life15060922
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

rESWT in Shoulder Periarthritis: Does the Protocol Intensity Matter?—A Quasi-Experimental Non-Randomized Comparative Study

by
Diana-Lidia Tache-Codreanu
1,
Iuliana David
1,
Ana-Maria Tache-Codreanu
2,
Corina Sporea
2,3,*,
Claudia-Camelia Burcea
2,
Dan Corneliu Blendea
4,
Maria-Veronica Morcov
2,3,* and
Ioana Elena Cioca
2
1
Medical Rehabilitation Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Stefan cel Mare Street No. 19–21, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
2
Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
3
National University Center for Children Neurorehabilitation “Dr. Nicolae Robanescu”, 44 Dumitru Minca Street, 041408 Bucharest, Romania
4
Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University of Bucharest, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Life 2025, 15(6), 922; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15060922
Submission received: 11 April 2025 / Revised: 3 June 2025 / Accepted: 4 June 2025 / Published: 6 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Rehabilitation for Musculoskeletal Disorders)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy (rESWT) is used in the rehabilitation of patients with shoulder periarthritis (SP) to promote tendon regeneration. This quasi-experimental non-randomized comparative study included 36 cases of SP, divided into two groups, and aimed to comparatively investigate the analgesic and functional effects of two different rESWT protocols. In Group One, the protocol involved an energy level of 210 J/session, a frequency of 10 Hz, and 2500 impulses per session. In Group Two, the protocol used an energy level of 190 J/session, a frequency of 10–15 Hz, and 2000 impulses per session. Treatments were administered over three sessions in Group One and five sessions in Group Two, with one-week intervals between sessions. Both rESWT protocols were combined with a physical therapy program consisting of ten daily sessions of analgesic physiotherapy and kinesiotherapy. Before and after the rehabilitation program, patients were assessed for pain intensity using the visual analog scale (VAS) and shoulder function using range of motion (ROM) measurements (via goniometry) and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Significantly better outcomes were observed in Group One (p < 0.001), particularly in terms of pain reduction and improvements in shoulder functionality, especially external rotation. These results support the effectiveness of the rESWT protocol used in Group One, which combined lower energy and frequency levels with a higher number of impulses over fewer sessions.
Keywords: shoulder periarthritis; extracorporeal shockwave therapy; rehabilitation; tendon regeneration shoulder periarthritis; extracorporeal shockwave therapy; rehabilitation; tendon regeneration

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tache-Codreanu, D.-L.; David, I.; Tache-Codreanu, A.-M.; Sporea, C.; Burcea, C.-C.; Blendea, D.C.; Morcov, M.-V.; Cioca, I.E. rESWT in Shoulder Periarthritis: Does the Protocol Intensity Matter?—A Quasi-Experimental Non-Randomized Comparative Study. Life 2025, 15, 922. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15060922

AMA Style

Tache-Codreanu D-L, David I, Tache-Codreanu A-M, Sporea C, Burcea C-C, Blendea DC, Morcov M-V, Cioca IE. rESWT in Shoulder Periarthritis: Does the Protocol Intensity Matter?—A Quasi-Experimental Non-Randomized Comparative Study. Life. 2025; 15(6):922. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15060922

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tache-Codreanu, Diana-Lidia, Iuliana David, Ana-Maria Tache-Codreanu, Corina Sporea, Claudia-Camelia Burcea, Dan Corneliu Blendea, Maria-Veronica Morcov, and Ioana Elena Cioca. 2025. "rESWT in Shoulder Periarthritis: Does the Protocol Intensity Matter?—A Quasi-Experimental Non-Randomized Comparative Study" Life 15, no. 6: 922. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15060922

APA Style

Tache-Codreanu, D.-L., David, I., Tache-Codreanu, A.-M., Sporea, C., Burcea, C.-C., Blendea, D. C., Morcov, M.-V., & Cioca, I. E. (2025). rESWT in Shoulder Periarthritis: Does the Protocol Intensity Matter?—A Quasi-Experimental Non-Randomized Comparative Study. Life, 15(6), 922. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15060922

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