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Article

Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz Exhibits Antihypertensive Effects by Inhibiting the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme/Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Pathway in Human Endothelial Cells

by
Nur Syakirah Othman
1,
Nur Syahidah Nor Hisam
1,2,
Amanina Athirah Mad Azli
1,
Nur Izzati Mansor
3,
Adila A. Hamid
1,4,
Amilia Aminuddin
1,4,
Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar
2,
Mohd Faizal Ahmad
5 and
Azizah Ugusman
1,4,*
1
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
2
Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
3
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
4
Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Group (CardioResp), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
5
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Life 2024, 14(11), 1486; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14111486
Submission received: 21 October 2024 / Revised: 10 November 2024 / Accepted: 12 November 2024 / Published: 14 November 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implications of Bioactive Compounds in Lifelong Disorders)
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Abstract

Overactivation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) pathway leads to vasoconstriction and elevated blood pressure. Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz is an herbal plant known for its antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-atherosclerotic properties, with bioactive compounds that exhibit antihypertensive effects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antihypertensive effects of the standardized aqueous extract of P. minor leaf (AEPM) through the ACE/AT1R pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). HUVECs were stimulated with PMA to induce ACE, with or without AEPM or captopril treatment, for 24 h. Subsequently, ACE mRNA expression, ACE protein levels, ACE activity, angiotensin II levels, and AT1R expression were measured. The results demonstrated that AEPM treatment significantly reduced ACE mRNA expression, ACE protein levels, ACE activity, angiotensin II levels, and AT1R expression in PMA-induced HUVECs. The modulatory effects of AEPM on the ACE/AT1R pathway were comparable to those of captopril. Ex vivo experiments further confirmed that AEPM reduced the contraction responses of rat aortic rings to PMA. In conclusion, P. minor effectively inhibits the ACE/AT1R pathway in PMA-induced HUVECs, suggesting its potential as a natural antihypertensive agent.
Keywords: angiotensin-converting enzyme; human umbilical vein endothelial cells; hypertension; phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate; Persicaria minor angiotensin-converting enzyme; human umbilical vein endothelial cells; hypertension; phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate; Persicaria minor

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MDPI and ACS Style

Othman, N.S.; Nor Hisam, N.S.; Mad Azli, A.A.; Mansor, N.I.; Hamid, A.A.; Aminuddin, A.; Mohamad Anuar, N.N.; Ahmad, M.F.; Ugusman, A. Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz Exhibits Antihypertensive Effects by Inhibiting the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme/Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Pathway in Human Endothelial Cells. Life 2024, 14, 1486. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14111486

AMA Style

Othman NS, Nor Hisam NS, Mad Azli AA, Mansor NI, Hamid AA, Aminuddin A, Mohamad Anuar NN, Ahmad MF, Ugusman A. Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz Exhibits Antihypertensive Effects by Inhibiting the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme/Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Pathway in Human Endothelial Cells. Life. 2024; 14(11):1486. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14111486

Chicago/Turabian Style

Othman, Nur Syakirah, Nur Syahidah Nor Hisam, Amanina Athirah Mad Azli, Nur Izzati Mansor, Adila A. Hamid, Amilia Aminuddin, Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar, Mohd Faizal Ahmad, and Azizah Ugusman. 2024. "Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz Exhibits Antihypertensive Effects by Inhibiting the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme/Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Pathway in Human Endothelial Cells" Life 14, no. 11: 1486. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14111486

APA Style

Othman, N. S., Nor Hisam, N. S., Mad Azli, A. A., Mansor, N. I., Hamid, A. A., Aminuddin, A., Mohamad Anuar, N. N., Ahmad, M. F., & Ugusman, A. (2024). Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz Exhibits Antihypertensive Effects by Inhibiting the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme/Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Pathway in Human Endothelial Cells. Life, 14(11), 1486. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14111486

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