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Article

Upregulation of Neuroinflammatory Protein Biomarkers in Acute Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments

by
Minali Prasad
1,
Jia Xu
1,
Joshua S. Agranat
1,
Weiming Xia
2,3,
Sarah Daley
2,3,
Steven Ness
1,
Xuejing Chen
1,
Nicole H. Siegel
1,
Thor D. Stein
4,5,6,
Jaeyoon Chung
7 and
Manju L. Subramanian
1,*
1
Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
2
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
3
Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA 01730, USA
4
Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
5
VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA 01730, USA
6
VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
7
Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Life 2023, 13(1), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010118
Submission received: 7 November 2022 / Revised: 20 December 2022 / Accepted: 26 December 2022 / Published: 31 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Biomarker and Precision Medicine)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to characterize the inflammatory cytokine profile in rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) compared to surgical controls. Vitreous humor was collected from patients undergoing vitrectomy for RRD and noninflammatory vitreoretinal diseases. A quantitative immunoassay was used to measure the levels of 36 cytokine markers. Linear regression analysis with the duration of detachment as the predictor and log-transformed cytokine levels as the outcome was conducted for normally distributed cytokines as determined by the Shapiro–Wilk test. The analysis was adjusted for age, sex, and race. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used for cytokines not normally distributed. Twenty-seven RRD cases and thirteen control cases were studied. Between all RRDs and controls, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) (p = 0.0029), inducible protein-10(IP-10) (p = 0.0021), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) (p = 0.0040), interleukin (IL)-16 (p = 0.018), IL-8 (p = 0.0148), IL-6 (p = 0.0071), eotaxin (p = 0.0323), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha (p = 0.0149), MIP-1 beta (p = 0.0032), and the thymus and activation regulated cytokine (TARC) (p = 0.0121) were elevated in RRD cases. Between acute RRDs (n = 16) and controls, FGF2 (p = 0.0001), IP10 (p = 0.0027), MCP-1 (p = 0.0015), MIP-1β (p = 0.0004), IL-8 (p = 0.0146), and IL-6 (p = 0.0031) were elevated. Determining alterations in inflammatory cytokine profiles may aid in understanding their impact on RRD development, clinical course, and complications before and after surgical repair.
Keywords: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment; neuroinflammatory markers; fibroblast growth factor; monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; inducible protein-10; macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta; interleukin 8; interleukin 6 rhegmatogenous retinal detachment; neuroinflammatory markers; fibroblast growth factor; monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; inducible protein-10; macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta; interleukin 8; interleukin 6

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MDPI and ACS Style

Prasad, M.; Xu, J.; Agranat, J.S.; Xia, W.; Daley, S.; Ness, S.; Chen, X.; Siegel, N.H.; Stein, T.D.; Chung, J.; et al. Upregulation of Neuroinflammatory Protein Biomarkers in Acute Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments. Life 2023, 13, 118. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010118

AMA Style

Prasad M, Xu J, Agranat JS, Xia W, Daley S, Ness S, Chen X, Siegel NH, Stein TD, Chung J, et al. Upregulation of Neuroinflammatory Protein Biomarkers in Acute Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments. Life. 2023; 13(1):118. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010118

Chicago/Turabian Style

Prasad, Minali, Jia Xu, Joshua S. Agranat, Weiming Xia, Sarah Daley, Steven Ness, Xuejing Chen, Nicole H. Siegel, Thor D. Stein, Jaeyoon Chung, and et al. 2023. "Upregulation of Neuroinflammatory Protein Biomarkers in Acute Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments" Life 13, no. 1: 118. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010118

APA Style

Prasad, M., Xu, J., Agranat, J. S., Xia, W., Daley, S., Ness, S., Chen, X., Siegel, N. H., Stein, T. D., Chung, J., & Subramanian, M. L. (2023). Upregulation of Neuroinflammatory Protein Biomarkers in Acute Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments. Life, 13(1), 118. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010118

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