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Volume 12
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10.3390/life12040580
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Article

Galvanotactic Migration of Glioblastoma and Brain Metastases Cells

by
Falko Lange
1,2,*,
Jakob Venus
1,
Daria Shams Esfand Abady
1,
Katrin Porath
1,
Anne Einsle
1,
Tina Sellmann
1,
Valentin Neubert
1,
Gesine Reichart
1,
Michael Linnebacher
3,
Rüdiger Köhling
1,2,† and
Timo Kirschstein
1,2,†
1
Oscar-Langendorff-Institute of Physiology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
2
Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
3
Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Life 2022, 12(4), 580; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040580
Submission received: 22 March 2022 / Revised: 11 April 2022 / Accepted: 11 April 2022 / Published: 14 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular and Cellular Biology of Glioblastoma)
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Abstract

Galvanotaxis, the migration along direct current electrical fields, may contribute to the invasion of brain cancer cells in the tumor-surrounding tissue. We hypothesized that pharmacological perturbation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway prevent galvanotactic migration. In our study, patient-derived glioblastoma and brain metastases cells were exposed to direct current electrical field conditions. Velocity and direction of migration were estimated. To determine the effects of EGF receptor antagonist afatinib and AKT inhibitor capivasertib, assays of cell proliferation, apoptosis and immunoblot analyses were performed. Both inhibitors attenuated cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis. We found that most of the glioblastoma cells migrated preferentially in an anodal direction, while brain metastases cells were unaffected by direct current stimulations. Afatinib presented only a mild attenuation of galvanotaxis. In contrast, capivasertib abolished the migration of glioblastoma cells without genetic alterations in the PI3K/AKT pathway, but not in cells harboring PTEN mutation. In these cells, an increase in the activation of ERK1/2 may in part substitute the inhibition of the AKT pathway. Overall, our data demonstrate that glioblastoma cells migrate in the electrical field and the PI3K/AKT pathway was found to be highly involved in galvanotaxis.
Keywords: galvanotaxis; glioblastoma; brain metastasis; migration; capivasertib; afatinib galvanotaxis; glioblastoma; brain metastasis; migration; capivasertib; afatinib

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lange, F.; Venus, J.; Shams Esfand Abady, D.; Porath, K.; Einsle, A.; Sellmann, T.; Neubert, V.; Reichart, G.; Linnebacher, M.; Köhling, R.; et al. Galvanotactic Migration of Glioblastoma and Brain Metastases Cells. Life 2022, 12, 580. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040580

AMA Style

Lange F, Venus J, Shams Esfand Abady D, Porath K, Einsle A, Sellmann T, Neubert V, Reichart G, Linnebacher M, Köhling R, et al. Galvanotactic Migration of Glioblastoma and Brain Metastases Cells. Life. 2022; 12(4):580. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040580

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lange, Falko, Jakob Venus, Daria Shams Esfand Abady, Katrin Porath, Anne Einsle, Tina Sellmann, Valentin Neubert, Gesine Reichart, Michael Linnebacher, Rüdiger Köhling, and et al. 2022. "Galvanotactic Migration of Glioblastoma and Brain Metastases Cells" Life 12, no. 4: 580. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040580

APA Style

Lange, F., Venus, J., Shams Esfand Abady, D., Porath, K., Einsle, A., Sellmann, T., Neubert, V., Reichart, G., Linnebacher, M., Köhling, R., & Kirschstein, T. (2022). Galvanotactic Migration of Glioblastoma and Brain Metastases Cells. Life, 12(4), 580. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040580

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