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Article

Life on Minerals: Binding Behaviors of Oligonucleotides on Zirconium Silicate and Its Inhibitory Activity for the Self-Cleavage of Hammerhead Ribozyme

by
Kunio Kawamura
1,2,3,*,
Jean-François Lambert
2,*,
Louis M. P. Ter-Ovanessian
2,3,
Jacques Vergne
3,
Guy Hervé
4 and
Marie-Christine Maurel
3,*
1
Department of Human Environmental Studies, Hiroshima Shudo University, 1-1-1 Ozuka-higashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-3195, Japan
2
Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface—CNRS UMR 7197, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Université, 7 Quai Saint-Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
3
Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP. 50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
4
Laboratoire BIOSIPE, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, 7 quai Saint-Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Life 2022, 12(11), 1689; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111689
Submission received: 30 September 2022 / Revised: 20 October 2022 / Accepted: 21 October 2022 / Published: 24 October 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Origin and Early Evolution of Life: Prebiotic Systems Chemistry Perspective)
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Abstract

The role of minerals in the chemical evolution of RNA molecules is an important issue when considering the early stage of the Hadean Earth. In particular, the interaction between functional ribozymes and ancient minerals under simulated primitive conditions is a recent research focus. We are currently attempting to design a primitive RNA metabolic network which would function with minerals, and believe that the simulated chemical network of RNA molecules would be useful for evaluation of the chemical evolution from a simple RNA mixture to an RNA-based life-like system. First, we measured the binding interactions of oligonucleotides with four types of minerals; Aerosil silica, zirconium silicate, sepiolite, and montmorillonite. Oligonucleotides bound zirconium silicate and montmorillonite in the presence of MgCl2, and bound sepiolite both in the presence and absence of MgCl2, but they did not bind Aerosil. Based on the binding behavior, we attempted the self-cleavage reaction of the hammerhead ribozyme from an avocado viroid. This reaction was strongly inhibited by zirconium silicate, a compound regarded as mineral evidence for the existence of water. The present study suggests that the chemical evolution of functional RNA molecules requires specific conformational binding, resulting in efficient ribozyme function as well as zirconium silicate for the chemical evolution of biomolecules.
Keywords: hammerhead ribozyme; chemical evolution; mineral; adsorption; Hadean Earth; zirconium silicate; montmorillonite; Aerosil; sepiolite hammerhead ribozyme; chemical evolution; mineral; adsorption; Hadean Earth; zirconium silicate; montmorillonite; Aerosil; sepiolite
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MDPI and ACS Style

Kawamura, K.; Lambert, J.-F.; Ter-Ovanessian, L.M.P.; Vergne, J.; Hervé, G.; Maurel, M.-C. Life on Minerals: Binding Behaviors of Oligonucleotides on Zirconium Silicate and Its Inhibitory Activity for the Self-Cleavage of Hammerhead Ribozyme. Life 2022, 12, 1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111689

AMA Style

Kawamura K, Lambert J-F, Ter-Ovanessian LMP, Vergne J, Hervé G, Maurel M-C. Life on Minerals: Binding Behaviors of Oligonucleotides on Zirconium Silicate and Its Inhibitory Activity for the Self-Cleavage of Hammerhead Ribozyme. Life. 2022; 12(11):1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111689

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kawamura, Kunio, Jean-François Lambert, Louis M. P. Ter-Ovanessian, Jacques Vergne, Guy Hervé, and Marie-Christine Maurel. 2022. "Life on Minerals: Binding Behaviors of Oligonucleotides on Zirconium Silicate and Its Inhibitory Activity for the Self-Cleavage of Hammerhead Ribozyme" Life 12, no. 11: 1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111689

APA Style

Kawamura, K., Lambert, J.-F., Ter-Ovanessian, L. M. P., Vergne, J., Hervé, G., & Maurel, M.-C. (2022). Life on Minerals: Binding Behaviors of Oligonucleotides on Zirconium Silicate and Its Inhibitory Activity for the Self-Cleavage of Hammerhead Ribozyme. Life, 12(11), 1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111689

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