Model Predictive Control of Humidity Deficit and Temperature in Winter Greenhouses: Subspace Weather-Based Modelling and Sampling Period Effects
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Environment
2.1. Overview of the Winter Greenhouse Measurement Environment
2.2. HD Calculation Formula
2.3. Environmental Measurement Data and Weather Information
3. Greenhouse HD and Air Temperature Model
3.1. Numerical Model Overview
3.2. Model Construction
3.3. Model Evaluation
4. Model Predictive Control
4.1. Algorithms for Model Predictive Control
- The control input trajectories of are calculated such that the predicted output in the section of steps in [ is closest to the target value , and the control input in the section of steps in [ is the minimum.
- The first step of the calculated control input trajectory is used as the input for the next step until sampling time .
- Time is advanced by one step, and the procedure returns to step I.
4.2. Model Predictive Control Simulation
4.3. Effects of the Sampling Period on the Model Predictive Controller
5. Considerations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Model Evaluation | Humidity Deficit | Temperature |
---|---|---|
RMSE (g/m3) | RMSE (°C) | |
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |
(1) | 0.60 ± 0.17 | 1.57 ± 0.36 |
(2) | 0.51 ± 0.14 | 1.28 ± 0.50 |
(3) and (4) * | 0.52 ± 0.20 | 1.14 ± 0.50 |
(3) On sunny days | 0.68 ± 0.13 | 1.51 ± 0.36 |
(4) On rainy–cloudy days | 0.37 ± 0.12 | 0.77 ± 0.31 |
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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Nakayama, S.; Takada, T.; Kimura, R.; Ohsumi, M. Model Predictive Control of Humidity Deficit and Temperature in Winter Greenhouses: Subspace Weather-Based Modelling and Sampling Period Effects. Machines 2024, 12, 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12010056
Nakayama S, Takada T, Kimura R, Ohsumi M. Model Predictive Control of Humidity Deficit and Temperature in Winter Greenhouses: Subspace Weather-Based Modelling and Sampling Period Effects. Machines. 2024; 12(1):56. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12010056
Chicago/Turabian StyleNakayama, Shin, Taku Takada, Ryushi Kimura, and Masato Ohsumi. 2024. "Model Predictive Control of Humidity Deficit and Temperature in Winter Greenhouses: Subspace Weather-Based Modelling and Sampling Period Effects" Machines 12, no. 1: 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12010056