The Nature of Laponite: Pure Hectorite or a Mixture of Different Trioctahedral Phases?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Methods
3. Results
3.1. XRD Results
3.2. Structural Formula of the BYK-Chemie OH-Laponites
3.3. IR Results
3.3.1. Structural OH Groups
3.3.2. Fluorinated Hectorite
3.3.3. D2O Exchange and Layer Charge Determination
4. Discussion
4.1. Characteristics of the Synthetic Mg-Li Smectites
4.2. Implications for Natural Systems
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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First Sample Set (BYK-Chemie Ltd.) | Second Sample Set (CMS Source Clay Project) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
LAP D, ED and RD | LAP B | LAP JS | SynL-1 | |
SiO2 | 59.5 | 55.0 | 50.2 | 57–61% |
MgO | 27.5 | 27.0 | 22.2 | 25–29% |
Li2O | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.5–0.9% |
Na2O | 2.8 | 3.8 | 7.5 | 2.5–3.5% |
LOI | 8.2 | - | 8.7 | <10% |
P2O5 | - | - | 4.8 | |
F | - | 5.6 | 5.4 | |
Third Sample Set (University of Bayreuth, Germany) | ||||
First group | Li0.4: Li0.4[Mg2.6Li0.4]Si4O10F2 Li0.6: Li0.6[Mg2.4Li0.6]Si4O10F2 Li0.8: Li0.8[Mg2.2Li0.8]Si4O10F2 | |||
Second group | Na0.5, Na0.5-ANN, Na0.5-HTT: Na0.5[Mg2.6Li0.5]Si4O10F2 | |||
Third group | Na0.33: Na0.33[Mg2.67Li0.33]Si4O10F2 | |||
Fourth Sample Set IMPMC, CNRS, Paris, France | ||||
Na0.4: Na0.4(Mg2.6Li0.4)Si4O10(OH)2 |
LAP D, -ED, -RD, LAP B, -JS, SynL-1 | Na0.4 | Talc | SepSp-1 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wet | Dry | Wet | Dry | Wet | Dry | ||
2ν (X) | 7262 (85) | 7245(84) | 7267 (84) | 7243 (85) | - | - | - |
7214 (83) | 7194 (84) | 7225 (83) | 7203 (83) | 7184 (84) | 7214 (83) | 7194 (83) | |
ν + δ | 4322 | 4322 | 4323 | 4323 | 4324 | 4324 | 4327 |
ν | 3716 | 3706 | 3717 | 3706 | - | - | - |
3690 | 3681 | 3695 | 3684 | 3676 | 3690 | 3680 | |
δ | 647 | 657 | 640 | 649 | 669 | 644 | 654 |
νO-D, cm−1 | Qapp, e/huc | |
---|---|---|
LAP D | 2693.6 | 0.37 |
LAP ED | 2692.9 | 0.39 |
LAP RD | 2692.5 | 0.40 |
LAP B | 2686.6 | 0.58 |
LAP JS | 2686.5 | 0.58 |
SynL-1 | 2693.6 | 0.37 |
Na0.5 | 2684.2 | 0.65 |
Na0.5-ANN | 2690.9 | 0.45 |
Na0.5-HTT | 2687.0 | 0.57 |
Li0.4 | 2688.8 | 0.52 |
Li0.6 | 2688.7 | 0.52 |
Li0.8 | 2685.8 | 0.61 |
Na0.33 | 2694.3 | 0.35 |
Na0.4 | 2690.2 | 0.47 |
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Christidis, G.E.; Aldana, C.; Chryssikos, G.D.; Gionis, V.; Kalo, H.; Stöter, M.; Breu, J.; Robert, J.-L. The Nature of Laponite: Pure Hectorite or a Mixture of Different Trioctahedral Phases? Minerals 2018, 8, 314. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8080314
Christidis GE, Aldana C, Chryssikos GD, Gionis V, Kalo H, Stöter M, Breu J, Robert J-L. The Nature of Laponite: Pure Hectorite or a Mixture of Different Trioctahedral Phases? Minerals. 2018; 8(8):314. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8080314
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristidis, George E., Carlos Aldana, Georgios D. Chryssikos, Vassilis Gionis, Hussein Kalo, Matthias Stöter, Josef Breu, and Jean-Louis Robert. 2018. "The Nature of Laponite: Pure Hectorite or a Mixture of Different Trioctahedral Phases?" Minerals 8, no. 8: 314. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8080314